BOOKS BY CATEGORY
Your Account
Allergic Reactions to Drugs
Price
Quantity
€170.79
(To see other currencies, click on price)
Paperback / softback
Add to basket  

MORE ABOUT THIS BOOK

Main description:

According to most studies, allergic reactions represent 35%-50% of all untoward reactions to drugs, yet the pharmacological literature concerning the clinical aspects, diagnosis, and pathophysiological mechanisms of drug allergy is markedly less extensive than reports dealing with the toxicological or pharmacological effects of drugs. The main reasons for this state of affairs may be on the one hand that until a few years ago the pathophysiological mechanisms of the various types of allergic reactions were not well understood, and on the other hand that objective diagnosis of a drug allergy is still fraught with serious difficulties. Drug allergy is still an unpopular topic for most allergologists and pharmacologists; this is reflected by the fact that despite their frequency, allergic reactions to drugs still occupy a relatively small proportion of space in most pharmacology handbooks and in classical books devoted to the side effects of drugs. There has recently been considerable progress in research into the immunologi cal and pathophysiological events occurring in allergic reactions, and on that basis investigations of various drug allergies have also yield~d new objective findings. Consequently, it was natural to attempt a review of the most frequent and important drug allergies in the form of a handbook. We originally intended to present a comprehensive review of all drug allergies, but the realization of this goal soon became more difficult than we had at first imagined.


Contents:

Section I: General Aspects of Drug Allergies.- 1 Immunochemical Basis of Allergic Reactions to Drugs.- A. Introduction.- I. Definitions.- II. Miscellaneous Parameters in Sensitization.- 1. Chemical Characteristics of the Antigen.- 2. Antigen Metabolism.- 3. Genetic Aspects.- B. Cellular and Immunochemical Elements in Antigenicity.- I. Cellular Aspects.- II. Antigenic Determinants Reacting with Antibody.- III. Antigenic Determinants in Cellular Reactions.- C. Antigenicity and Drugs.- I. Agents of Intrinsic Immunogenicity.- II. Low Molecular Weight Drugs as Immunogens.- 1. The Formation of Antigenic Determinants.- 2. The Formation of Complete Immunogens.- III. Immunogenic Complexes not Involving Covalent Linkage Between Hapten and Carrier.- IV. Molecular Parameters in Elicitation and Inhibition of Allergic Reactions.- References.- 2 Chemical and Pharmaceutical Aspects of Drug Allergy.- With 23 Figures.- A. Introduction: Routes of Formation of Drug Antigens.- B. Immunologically Active Macromolecular Contaminants of Penicillins.- C. Polymerization of ?-Lactam Antibiotics.- I. Penicillin Polymers.- 1. Formation and Structure of Polymers.- 2. Immunologic Effects of Polymers.- 3. Prevention of Penicillin Polymerization.- II. Cephalosporin Polymers.- D. Reactions Between Penicillins and Pharmaceutical Adjuvants.- E. Chemically Reactive Impurities and Degradation Products.- I. Acetylsalicylic Acid.- II. Phenindione.- III. Phenylbutazone.- IV. Corticosteroids.- V. Penicillins.- References.- 3 Immunopathological Mechanisms and Clinical Aspects of Allergic Reactions to Drugs.- With 4 Figures.- A. Introduction.- B. Chemical Properties Involved in the Allergenic Potential of Drugs.- I. Formation of Immunogenic Conjugates.- II. Reactive Derivatives and Metabolites.- III. Requirements for Allergens Eliciting Antibody-Mediated Reactions.- IV. Requirements for Allergens Eliciting Cell-Mediated (Delayed-Type) Allergic Reactions.- V. Impurities and Galenic Factors Involved in Sensitization.- C. Induction of Immune Responses to Drugs: Main Factors Involved.- I. Factors Involving the Sensitizing Drug.- 1. Chemical Structure and Reactivity.- 2. Cross-Sensitization.- 3. Dose, Duration, and Number of Courses of Therapy.- 4. Mode of Administration.- II. Factors Involving the Patient.- 1. The Immune System and the Regulation of Immune Responses to Drugs.- 2. Age and Sex.- 3. Genetic Factors.- 4. Underlying Diseases.- 5. Variable Relationship Between the Immune Response to a Drug and the Incidence of Clinical Allergic Symptoms.- D. Immunopathological Mechanisms of Allergic Reactions to Drugs.- I. Antibody-Mediated Reactions.- 1. Anaphylactic Reactions.- 2. Cytotoxic Reactions.- 3. Immune Complex Reactions.- II. Cell-Mediated (Delayed-Type) Reactions.- III. Reactions by Photosensitivity.- IV. Pseudoallergic Reactions.- 1. Mast Cell and Basophil Degranulation by Complement Components (Anaphylatoxins).- 2. Liberation of Histamine Through Nonimmunologic Mechanisms.- 3. Pseudoallergic Reactions to Drugs Interfering with Prostaglandin Synthesis.- E. Clinical Forms of Allergic Reactions to Drugs.- I. Anaphylactic Shock.- II. Serum Sickness.- III. Fever.- IV. Hematologic Reactions.- 1. Hemolytic Anemia.- 2. Agranulocytosis.- 3. Thrombocytopenia.- 4. Eosinophilia.- V. Hepatic Disorders.- VI. Renal Diseases.- VII. Reactions Affecting the Respiratory Tract.- 1. Asthma.- 2. Infiltrative and Fibrotic Pulmonary Reactions.- VIII. Drug-Induced Autoimmunity.- IX. Vasculitis.- X. Digestive Tract and Other Manifestations.- XI. Skin Manifestations.- References.- 4 Cutaneous Manifestations of Drug Allergy.- A. Pathogenesis and Classification.- I. Anaphylaxis, Urticaria, Angioedema.- II. Late Urticarial Reactions.- III. Serum Sickness.- IV. Maculopapular Rashes.- V. Erythema Multiforme and Stevens-Johnson Syndrome.- VI. Allergic Vasculitis.- VII. Erythema Nodosum.- VIII. Purpura.- IX. Purpura Pigmentosa Progressiva.- X. Fixed Eruptions.- XI. Lyell's Syndrome (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis).- XII. Drug-Induced Lupus Erythematosus.- XIII. Allergic and Photoallergic Contact Dermatitis.- B. Diagnosis of Allergic Drug Reactions Involving the Skin.- References.- 5 Allergy of the Respiratory Tract to Low Molecular Weight Chemical Agents.- A. Introduction.- B. Inorganic Chemicals.- I. Halide Complex Salts of Platinum.- 1. Allergy to Complex Platinum Salts.- 2. Immunochemical Analysis of Allergenicity of Platinum Salts.- 3. Inhalation Tests with Platinum Salts.- 4. Serological Findings.- II. Nickel Sulphate.- III. Allergy to Potassium and Sodium Persulphate.- C. Chemical Organic Dusts.- I. Amprolium Hydrochloride.- II. Chloramine-T.- III. Piperazine Hydrochloride.- IV. Antibiotic Dusts: Ampicillin, Benzylpenicillin, 6-Aminopenicillanic Acid and Related Substances.- V. Salbutamol.- VI. Azo and Anthraquinone Dyes.- D. Organic Chemical Fumes and Vapours.- I. Aminoethylethanolamine.- II. Diisocyanates.- 1. Reactions to Diisocyanates Other than TDI.- 2. Modes of Action of TDI.- 3. Antibodies to Other Diisocyanates.- III. Epoxy Resin System Activating Agents.- 1. Phthalic Anhydride-Specific IgE Antibodies.- 2. Trimellitic Acid-Specific IgE and IgG Antibodies.- IV. Miscellaneous Agents.- E. General Comments.- References.- 6 Epidemiology of Drug Allergy: Drug Monitoring.- With 3 Figures.- A. Introduction.- B. Methods of Epidemiology and Drug Monitoring.- I. Comprehensive Inpatient (Intensive) Drug Monitoring.- 1. Euler-Venn Diagram.- 2. Weighted Attributions.- II. Outpatient Drug Monitoring.- III. Spontaneous Reporting of Adverse Reactions to Drugs.- IV. Use of Record Linkage for Drug Surveillance.- C. The Patient.- I. Disposition.- 1. Allergy to Small Molecular Drugs.- 2. Atopy and Adverse Drug Reactions: Drug Allergies.- 3. Idiosyncrasy.- 4. Intolerance.- II. Basic Diseases.- D. Criteria Important to Epidemiology and Drug Monitoring.- I. The Patient and the Adverse Reaction.- 1. Characteristics of Clinical and Laboratory Adverse Reactions: Distinction from Non-Drug Reactions.- 2. Definition of Clinical Syndromes and Laboratory Findings.- 3. Time Factors in Adverse Drug Reactions.- 4. Frequency of Adverse Drug Reactions.- 5. Degree of Importance of Adverse Drug Reactions.- 6. Outcome and Duration of Adverse Drug Reactions.- II. The Drug and Drug Groups.- 1. Different Kinds of Drugs.- 2. Method of Administration of Drug and Drug Allergic Reactions.- E. Practical Consequences.- F. Summary.- References.- 7 Diagnostic Procedures in Drug Allergy.- A. Introduction.- B. Clinical Diagnosis.- C. Immunologic Diagnosis.- D. Skin Testing.- I. Phenylbutazone - BSA Conjugates.- II. Penicillins.- III. Patch Testing.- E. Laboratory Procedures for Investigating Type I Allergic Drug Reactions.- I. Dosage of Serum IgE.- II. Radioallergosorbent Test (RAST).- III. Basophil Degranulation Test.- IV. Histamine Release from Sensitized Leukocytes.- F. In Vitro Investigation of Type II Reactions.- I. Drug-Induced Allergic Hemolysis.- II. Drug-Induced Thrombocytopenia.- 1. Inhibition of Clot Retraction.- 2. Drug-Dependent Platelet Agglutination.- 3. Complement Fixation Test for Drug-Induced Thrombocytopenia.- III. Drug-Induced Agranulocytosis.- 1. Serologic Methods.- 2. Lymphocyte Stimulation.- G. Laboratory Procedures to Detect Serum-Sickness Syndrome (Type III).- I. Determination of Immune Complexes.- II. Determination of Circulating Antibodies.- H. Laboratory Diagnosis of Type IV Reactions or Delayed Hypersensitivity.- I. Lymphocyte Transformation Test.- II. Leukocyte Migration Inhibition Test.- J. Conclusions.- References.- 8 Prevention and Treatment of Drug Allergies.- A. Evaluation of the Allergenic Potential of Drugs.- B. Preventive Measures in Drug Allergy.- C. Prevention of Allergic Reactions by Accurate Diagnosis of Drug Allergy in the Allergic Patient.- D. Specific Inhibition of Antibody-Mediated Reactions to Drugs.- E. Symptomatic Treatment of Allergic Reactions to Drugs.- F. Hyposensitization and Induction of Long-Lasting Immunological Tolerance to Drugs.- References.- Section II: Allergic Reactions to Specific Drugs.- 9 Major Drugs Acting on the Central Nervous System.- A. General Anesthetics.- I. Halothane.- II. Other General Anesthetics.- III. Intravenous Anesthetic Agents.- B. Sedatives, Hypnotics, and Tranquillizers.- I. Phenothiazines.- II. Barbiturates.- III. Others.- C. Narcotics.- D. Anti-Epileptic Drugs.- E. Ethanol.- F. Anti-Depressive Drugs.- G. Stimulants and Hallucinogens.- H. L-Dopa.- J. Relaxants.- K. Analgesic Agents.- References.- 10 General and Local Anaesthetics.- With 6 Figures.- A. Hypersensitivity Reactions to Intravenous Anaesthetics.- I. Clinical Manifestations.- II. Predisposing Factors.- III. Relative Incidence with Various Agents.- 1. Barbiturates.- 2. Eugenols.- 3. Steroid Anaesthetics.- B. Hypersensitivity Reactions to Volatile General Anaesthetics.- I. Halothane-Associated Liver Damage.- 1. Incidence.- 2. Evidence in Support of an Allergic Mechanism.- 3. Reactions to Other Halogenated Volatile Anaesthetics.- 4. Possible Role of Idiosyncrasy in Hepatitis Associated with Halogenated Volatile Anaesthetics.- C. Allergy to Local Anaesthetics.- I. Structural Basis.- II. Investigation of Reactions to Local Anaesthetics.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Other In Vivo Tests.- 3. In Vitro Allergy Tests.- References.- 11 Analgesics and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs.- With 2 Figures.- A. Classification and Mode of Action of Analgesics and Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs.- B. Prevalence of Adverse Drug Reactions.- C. Clinical Manifestations of Adverse Reactions.- I. Systemic Anaphylaxis.- II. Aspirin-Induced Asthma.- 1. Definition.- 2. Prevalence.- 3. Pathogenesis.- 4. Clinical Symptoms and Laboratory Findings.- 5. Diagnosis.- 6. Prevention and Therapy.- III. Asthma Relieved by Aspirin.- IV. Urticaria and Angioedema.- 1. Intolerance to Aspirin.- 2. Hypersensitivity to Pyrazolone Drugs.- V. Other Skin Reactions Produced by Analgesics.- VI. Liver Damage.- VII. Kidney Injury.- VIII. Hypersensitivity in Lupus Erythematosus.- IX. Blood Dyscrasias.- 1. Agranulocytosis and Pancytopenia.- 2. Aspirin-Induced Thrombocytopenia.- X. Peripheral Neuropathies.- References.- 12 Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs.- With 8 Figures.- A. Introduction.- B. In Vivo Diagnostic Procedures.- I. Skin Tests.- II. Response to an Intravenous Test Dose.- C. In Vitro Tests.- I. Histamine Release from Leucocytes.- II. Passive Sensitisation Experiments.- III. Lymphocyte Transformation Test.- IV. Serum IgE Measurements.- D. Mechanism of Reactions to Depolarising Agents (Suxamethonium).- I. Clues from Case Histories and Other Clinical Findings.- II. Immunochemical Considerations on the Nature of the Allergen.- III. Leucocyte Histamine Release by Suxamethonium.- 1. Effect of Serum.- 2. Dose-Response Relationships.- 3. Effect of Acetylcholine on the Response to Suxamethonium.- 4. Effect of Non-Depolarising Blockers on Histamine Release by Suxamethonium.- 5. Effect of Calcium on Histamine Release.- IV. Histamine Release as a Manifestation of Idiosyncrasy.- E. Mechanism of Reactions to Non-Depolarising Agents.- I. General Structural Features Associated with Histamine Release.- II. Relation of Leucocyte Histamine Release to Skin Wheal and Flare Responses and Related Phenomena.- III. Calcium Dependence of Histamine Release.- IV. Effect of Acetylcholine on Histamine Release by Non-Depolarising Agents.- V. Relation Between Allergy and Idiosyncrasy.- References.- 13 Drugs Used Topically.- A. Epidemiology.- B. Clinical Aspects of Contact Allergy.- C. Immunochemical, Pharmaceutical, and Pharmacologic Aspects.- D. Diagnostic Tests.- E. Anti-Psoriasis Agents.- I. Tar.- II. Dithranol.- III. Corticosteroids.- IV. Salicylic Acid.- V. Mechlorethamine.- VI. 6-Aminonicotinamide.- VII. Thioxolone.- VIII. 1,8,9-Triacetoxyanthracene.- IX. Tretinoin.- X. 8-Methoxypsoralen.- F. Local Anesthetics.- I. Benzocaine.- II. The Amide Group of Local Anesthetics.- III. Propanidid.- IV. Proxymetacaine.- V. Falicain.- VI. Benzamine Lactate.- G. Antipruritic Agents.- I. Antihistamines.- II. Phenol and Resorcinol.- III. Menthol.- IV. Crotamiton.- V. Nitrofurylaminothiadazoles.- VI. Oxypolyethoxydodecane.- VII. Dimethisoquin.- VIII. Zirconium Compounds.- IX. Fragrances and Preservatives in Antipruritic Agents.- H. Antiperspirants.- I. Aluminum Salts.- II. Formaldehyde.- III. Glutaraldehyde.- IV. Anticholinergic Agents.- V. Zirconium Salts.- J. Local Antibiotics and Chemotherapeutics.- I. Neomycin.- II. Gentamycin.- III. Penicillin.- IV. Chloramphenicol.- V. Bacitracin.- VI. Polymyxin-B Sulfate.- VII. Tetracyclines.- VIII. Erythromycin.- IX. Sulfonamide.- X. Nitrofurazone.- XI. Clindamycin.- XII. Sodium Fusidate.- XIII. Streptomycin.- XIV. Yirginiamycin.- XV. Xanthocillin.- XVI. Mafenide.- XVII. Sulfur.- XVIII. Halogenated Hydroxyquinolines.- K. Antifungal Agents.- I. Nystatin.- II. Variotin.- III. Undecylenic Acid.- IV. Imidazole Derivatives.- V. Tolnaftate.- VI. Dibenzthione.- VII. Pyrrolnitrin.- VIII. Zinc Pyrithone.- L. Steroids.- I. Corticosteroids.- II. Dianabol Cream.- III. Estrogens.- M. Antiseptics and Disinfectants.- I. Quaternary Ammonium Compounds.- II. Chlorhexidine.- III. Hexachlorophene.- IV. Dichlorophene.- V. Triphenylmethane Dyes.- VI. Acridine Dyes.- VII. Rivanol.- VIII. Fenticlor.- IX. Formaldehyde.- X. Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide.- XI. Hexomedine.- XII. Iodine and Iodides.- XIII. Alcohols.- XIV. Triclosan.- XV. Triclocarban.- XVI. TEGO.- XVII. Glutaraldehyde.- XVIII. Mercurials.- XIX. Silver Nitrate.- N. Preservatives.- I. Parabens.- II. Propylene Glycol.- III. Sorbic Acid.- IV. Chlorocresol and p-Chloro-m-xylenol.- V. Chloracetamide.- VI. Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid.- VII. BHA and BHT.- VIII. Propyl Gallate.- IX. Imidazolidinyl Urea.- X. Other Preservatives.- O. Vitamins.- I. Tretinoin.- II. Thiamine.- III. ?-Tocopherol.- IV. Other Vitamins.- P. Photocontact Dermatitis.- I. Halogenated Salicylanilides.- II. Chloro-2-phenylphenol.- III. Bithionol.- IV. Hexachlorophene.- V. Fenticlor.- VI. Multifungin.- VII. Jadit.- VIII. Chlorhexidine.- IX. Esters of p-Aminobenzoic Acid.- X. Sulfonamides and Phenothiazines.- XI. Digalloyl Trioleate.- XII. Captan.- XIII. Coal Tar.- XIV. 8-Methoxypsoralen.- XV. 6-Methylcoumarin.- XVI. Hydrocortisone.- Q. Vehicle Constitutents.- I. Petrolatum.- II. Lanolin.- III. Emulsifiers.- IV. Aliphatic Alcohols.- V. Polyethylene Glycol.- VI. Glycerol.- VII. Propylene Glycol.- VIII. Ethylenediamine Hydrochloride.- IX. Ethylsebacate.- X. Freons.- R. Perfumes.- S. Plant-Derived Topical Drugs.- I. 8-Methoxypsoralen.- II. Arnica Tincture.- III. Camomile.- IV. Coumarin.- V. Tincture of Benzoin.- VI. Podophylin.- VII. Rosin (Colophony).- VIII. Gums.- IX. Vegetable Turpentine.- X. Wood and Coal Tar.- XI. Propolis.- T. Miscellaneous Agents.- I. 5-Fluorouracil.- II. Tromantidine Hydrochloride.- III. Idoxuridine.- IV. Neutral Red.- V. Suntan Preparations.- VI. Dihydroxyacetone.- VII. Hydroquinone and Derivatives.- VIII. Resorcinol.- IX. Benzoyl Peroxide.- X. Epinephrine and Derivatives.- XI. Pyrazolone Compounds.- XII. Bufexamac.- XIII. Nitroglycerin.- XIV. Allylthiocarbamide.- XV. Heparinoid.- XVI. TEA-Coco Hydrolyzed Protein.- XVII. Metoprolol.- U. Conclusions.- References.- 14 Antihistamines.- A. Introduction.- B. The Nature and Classification of the Antihistamines.- C. The Role of Tartrazine in Allergic Antihistamine Reactions.- D. The Nitrogen-Linked Ethylenediamines.- I. The Asthmatic Patient and Ethylenediamine Sensitivity.- II. Industrial Dermatitis due to Ethylenediamine Sensitivity.- 1. Epoxy Resin Dermatitis.- 2. Machine Worker's Dermatitis.- III. The Relationship of the Hydroxyzines to Ethylenediamine.- IV. The Relationship of the Piperazine (Cyclizine) Antihistamines to Ethylenediamine.- E. The Oxygen-Linked Ethanolamine Antihistamines.- I. Systemic "Endogenic" Contact Dermatitis to Ethanolamines.- II. Photoallergic Dermatitis due to Diphenhydramine.- F. The Phenothiazines.- I. Promethazine Hydrochloride.- II. Cross-Reactions Between the Phenothiazine Antihistamines and Other Phenothiazine Compounds.- III. Exposure of Medical and Nursing Personnel to Phenothiazines.- IV. Exposure of Veterinarians and Farmers to Phenothiazines.- V. Exposure to Methylene Blue.- VI. Varieties of Allergic Reactions to Phenothiazine Compounds.- G. The Carbon-Linked Alkylamine (Propylamine) Antihistamines.- H. Miscellaneous Antihistamines.- J. Facial Dyskinesia from the Antihistamines.- References.- 15 Drugs Acting on the Cardiovascular System.- With 9 Figures.- A. Incidence of Hypersensitivity Reactions.- I. Cardiac Glycosides.- II. Quinidine.- III. Procainamide.- IV. Adrenergic Neuron Blocking Agents.- V. Hydralazine.- VI. Beta-Adrenoceptor Blocking Drugs.- B. Clinical Aspects of the Adverse Effects.- I. Drug-Induced Lupus Erythematosus.- II. Thrombocytopenia.- III. Hemolytic Anemia.- IV. Cutaneous Manifestations.- V. Specific Organ Damage Induced by Cardiovascular Drugs.- 1. Liver.- 2. Heart.- VI. Oculomucocutaneous Syndrome.- 1. Cutaneous Manifestations.- 2. Eye Lesions.- 3. Sclerosing Peritonitis.- 4. Oral/Nasal Lesions.- 5. Hearing Impairment.- 6. Fibrotic Reactions.- VII. Oculomucocutaneous Syndrome and ?-Blocking Drugs Other than Practolol.- 1. Propranolol.- 2. Alprenolol.- 3. Timolol.- C. Immunopharmacological Aspects.- I. Cardiac Glycosides.- 1. Digitoxin.- 2. Digoxin.- 3. Gitaloxin.- 4. Gitoxin.- 5. Lanatoside C.- 6 Ouabain.- 7. Proscillaridin.- II. Quinidine.- III. Procainamide.- IV. Hydralazine.- V. Beta-Adrenoceptor Blocking Drugs.- VI. Methyldopa.- D. Clinical Immunological Aspects.- I. Drug-Induced Lupus Erythematosus.- II. Thrombocytopenia.- III. Oculomucocutaneous Syndrome.- IV. Mechanism of Practolol-Induced Tissue Damage.- V. Hemolytic Anemia.- 1. Stibophen.- 2. Penicillin.- 3. Methyldopa.- E. Conclusion.- References.- 16 Penicillins and Cephalosporins.- With 10 Figures.- A. Introduction.- B. Penicillins.- I. The Formation of Antigenic Determinants from Penicillins.- 1. The Penicilloyl Determinant.- 2. The Penicillenate Determinant.- 3. Penicilloic Acid.- 4. The Penicillanyl Determinant.- 5. The Penamaldate and Penaldate Determinants.- 6. The D-Penicillamine Determinant.- 7. The Penicoyl Derivatives.- 8. Penicillin Polymers.- 9. Protein Impurities.- 10. Role of the Side Chain in Penicillin Allergy.- II. Clinical Aspects.- 1. Anaphylactic and Anaphylactoid Reactions.- 2. Urticaria.- 3. Serum-Like Disease.- 4. Morbilliform Exanthema.- 5. Hematologic Disorders.- 6. Kidney and Vascular Disorders.- 7. Other Manifestations.- III. Epidemiology and Frequency of Allergic Reactions.- IV. Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Antibody Detection Techniques.- 3. Cellular Tests.- C. Cephalosporins.- I. Immunologic Aspects of Hypersensitivity to Cephalosporins.- 1. Immunogenicity of the Cephalosporins.- 2. Formation of Antigenic Determinants.- 3. Role of the Side Chain in Immunological Reactivity.- 4. Protein Impurities and Polymers.- II. Clinical Aspects.- III. Epidemiology and Frequency of Allergic Reactions.- IV. Diagnostic Tests.- D. Conclusions.- References.- 17 Other Antibiotics.- With 8 Figures.- A. Introduction.- B. Tetracyclines.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Tetracycline-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Tetracycline-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- C. Chloramphenicol and Thiamphenicol.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Chloramphenicol-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Chloramphenicol-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- D. Aminoglycosides.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- 1. Streptomycin and Dihydrostreptomycin.- 2. Deoxystreptamine Aminoglycosides.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Aminoglycoside-Specifie Antibodies.- 3. Aminoglycoside-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- E. Polymyxins.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Polymyxin-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Polymyxin-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- F. Rifamycins.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Rifamycin-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Rifamycin-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- G. Macrolides.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Macrolide-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Macrolide-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- H. Lincomycins.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Lincomycin-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Lincomycin-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- J. Miscellaneous Antibiotics.- I. Vancomycin.- II. Spectinomycin.- III. Novobiocin.- References.- 18 Other Antibacterial Drugs.- A. Introduction.- B. Sulfonamides Including Benzylpyrimidine Sulfonamides.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Sulfonamide-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Sulfonamide-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- C. Nitrofurantoin.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Nitrofurantoin-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Nitrofurantoin-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- D. Nalidixic, Pipemidic, and Oxolonic Acids.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Nalidixic, Pipemidic, and Oxolonic Acid-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Nalidixic, Pipemidic, and Oxolonic Acid-Specific Lymphocyte Reactions.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- E. Isoniazid.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Isoniazid-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Isoniazid-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- F. Ethambutol.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Ethambutol-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Ethambutol-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- G. Sulfones.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Sulfone-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Sulfone-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- H. Clofazimine.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Properties.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Clofazimine-Specific Antibodies.- 3. Clofazimine-Specific Lymphocyte Reactivity.- V. Experimental Studies in Animals.- VI. Conclusions Concerning Possible Pathomechanisms.- References.- 19 Antifungal, Anthelmintic, and Antiprotozoal Drugs.- With 9 Figures.- A. Introduction.- B. Antifungal Drugs.- I. Systemic Agents.- II. Topical Agents.- C. Anthelmintic Drugs.- I. Piperazines.- II. Benzimidazole and Imidazothiazoles.- III. Diethylcarbamazine.- D. Antiprotozoal Drugs.- I. Introduction.- II. Quinine.- III. Other Antimalarial Drugs.- References.- 20 Solutions and Emulsions Used for Intravenous Infusions.- With 7 Figures.- A. Introduction.- B. Plasma Substitutes.- I. Historical.- II. General Physicochemical Properties.- III. General Clinical Aspects.- IV. Incidence.- C. Plasma Protein Fractions.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmaceutical Aspects.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Specific Antibodies.- 3. Lymphocyte Transformation Test.- V. Potential Pathomechanisms.- D. Dextran.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmaceutical Aspects.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Specific Antibodies.- 3. Lymphocyte Transformation Test.- V. Potential Pathomechanisms.- VI. Miscellaneous.- E. Gelatin Derivatives.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmaceutical Aspects.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Specific Antibodies.- 3. Lymphocyte Transformation Test.- V. Potential Pathomechanisms.- VI. Miscellaneous.- F. Hydroxyethylstarch.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmaceutical Aspects.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Clinical Aspects.- IV. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Skin Tests.- 2. Specific Antibodies.- 3. Lymphocyte Transformation Test.- V. Potential Pathomechanisms.- VI. Miscellaneous.- G. Polyvinylpyrrolidone.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmaceutical Aspects.- II. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- III. Miscellaneous.- H. Parenteral Nutrition.- I. General Aspects.- II. Sugars.- 1. Glucose.- 2. Galactose.- 3. Invertose.- 4. Mannitol.- III. Amino Acids.- 1. Physicochemical and Pharmaceutical Aspects.- 2. Adverse Reactions, Including Potential Pathomechanisms.- IV. Fat Emulsions.- 1. Physicochemical and Pharmaceutical Aspects.- 2. Immunochemistry and Immunology.- 3. Clinical Aspects.- 4. Incidence.- 5. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 6. Potential Pathomechanisms.- References.- 21 Gastrointestinal Drugs.- A. Introduction.- B. Antacids.- C. Gastric Antisecretory Drugs.- D. Laxatives.- E. Antidiarrheal Agents.- F. Anti-Inflammatory Drugs.- G. Miscellaneous Drugs.- References.- 22 Intolerance to Food and Drug Additives.- With 1 Figure.- A. Introduction.- B. Symptoms of Intolerance.- I. Hyperkinetic Behavior Disturbance.- II. Contact Dermatitis.- 1. Dyes.- 2. Antioxidants.- 3. Preservatives.- 4. Flavors.- 5. Stabilizers.- III. Recurrent Urticaria and Angioedema.- IV. Asthma, Rhinorrhea, and Nasal Polyps.- V. Purpura.- VI. Other Symptoms of Intolerance.- C. Mechanisms.- D. Diagnosis of Intolerance.- E. Food and Drug Labeling.- References.- 23 Vitamins.- A. Introduction.- I. The Drug-Equivalent Use of Vitamins.- II. Allergic Reactions to Vitamins.- B. Vitamin A.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Aspects.- II. Allergic Reactions to Vitamin A.- C. Vitamin B1.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Aspects.- II. Allergic Reactions to Vitamin B1.- D. Vitamin B2.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Aspects.- II. Allergic Reactions to Vitamin B2.- E. Vitamin B6.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Aspects.- II. Allergic Reactions to Vitamin B6.- F. Vitamin B12.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Aspects.- II. Allergic Reactions to Vitamin B12.- G. Vitamin C.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Aspects.- II. Allergic Reactions to Vitamin C.- H. Biotin.- J. Folic Acid.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Aspects.- II. Allergic Reactions to Folic Acid.- K. Nicotinic Acid and Nicotinamide.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Aspects.- II. Allergic Reactions to Nicotinic Acid and Nicotinamide.- L. Pantothenic Acid.- M. Vitamin D.- N. Vitamin E.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Aspects.- II. Allergic Reactions to Vitamin E.- O. Vitamin K.- I. Physicochemical and Pharmacologic Aspects.- II. Allergic Reactions to Vitamin K.- P. Conclusions.- References.- 24 Corticotrophins and Corticosteroids.- With 6 Figures.- A. Frequency of Accidents due to Corticotrophins.- B. Clinical Aspects of Allergic Reactions to ACTH.- C. Etiology and Physiopathology of Accidents.- D. Diagnosis of Allergy to ACTH.- E. Therapy.- F. Allergy to Corticosteroids.- I. Neurologic Symptoms.- II. Contact Dermatitis.- III. Anaphylactoid Reactions.- References.- 25 Hypersensitivity Reactions to Hormones.- A. Protein and Polypeptide Hormones.- I. Immunochemical and Pharmacological Aspects.- II. Clinical Aspects.- III. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- B. Prostaglandins.- I. Immunochemical and Pharmacological Aspects.- II. Clinical Aspects.- III. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- C. Adrenocorticosteroids.- I. Immunochemical and Pharmacological Aspects.- II. Clinical Aspects.- III. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- 1. Cutaneous Tests.- 2. Direct Challenge.- D. Sex Steroids and Oral Contraceptive Drugs.- I. Immunochemical and Pharmacological Aspects.- II. Clinical Aspects.- III. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- E. Conclusion.- References.- 26 Allergy to Insulin.- A. Epidemiology and Frequency of Allergic Reactions.- B. Clinical Aspects.- C. Immunological, Pharmaceutical, and Pharmacological Aspects.- D. Results of Diagnostic Tests.- E. Special Considerations.- References.- 27 Radiologic Contrast Media.- A. Introduction.- B. Chemical Structures of Contrast Media.- C. Clinical Manifestations.- D. Pathogenic Mechanisms.- I. Hypersensitivity Mechanisms.- II. Direct Histamine Release.- III. Activation of Complement Factors.- IV. Inhibition of Acetylcholine Esterase.- E. Diagnostic Tests.- I. Skin Tests.- II. Lymphocyte Transformation Test.- III. Provocation Tests.- F. Prevention.- I. Risk Factors.- II. Premedication.- References.


PRODUCT DETAILS

ISBN-13: 9783642690907
Publisher: Springer (Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K)
Publication date: December, 2011
Pages: 788
Weight: 1333g
Availability: Available
Subcategories: Pharmacology
Related books
From the same series

CUSTOMER REVIEWS

Average Rating