Main description:

For over 50 years, the mission of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) has been to conduct and support basic and applied research to better understand, treat, and prevent infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases with the ultimate goal of improving the health of individuals in the United States and around the world. As part of its mission to foster biomedical discovery and to reduce the burden of human disease, NIAID is committed to encouraging the accelerated translation of biomedical discoveries into effective clinical care and public health practice throughout the world. In pursuit of this goal and its disease-specific scientific objectives, NIAID seeks to broaden research opportunities and collaborations involving scientists and institutions outside the United States. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH: Volume 1, Frontiers in Research contains presentations given at the 2006 NIAID Research Conference held in Opatija, Croatia which brought internationally known researchers from the United States and Central and Eastern Europe to focus together on shared interests in microbiology, infectious disease, HIV/AIDS, and basic and clinical immunology. Some of the topics covered include emerging and re-emerging infections, the development of infectious disease prophylactics and therapeutics, drug resistance, and various topics in immunomodulation, autoimmunity, infections and immunity, and the development of vaccines.

Extensive and in-depth, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH: Volume 1, Frontiers in Research is a valuable, comprehensive guide to the state of research today.

Contents:

Dedication Acknowledgments Preface Vassil St. Georgiev Contributors Part I. Introduction 0. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID): An Overview Karl A. Western Part II. Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Section 1. Emerging and Re-Emerging Infections 1 Biotools for Determining the Genetics of Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases and Expediting Research Translation into Effective Countermeasures Malak Kotb, Robert W. Williams, Nourtan Fathey, Mohamed Nooh, Sarah Rowe, Rita Kansal, and Ramy Aziz 2 Spore Surface Components and Protective Immunity to Bacillus anthracis Patricia Sylvestre, Ian Justin Glomski, Evelyne Couture-Tosi, Pierre Louis Goossens, and Michele Mock 3 New Candidate Anthrax Pathogenic Factors Serguei G. Popov 4 Ehrlichiae and Ehrlichioses: Pathogenesis and Vector Biology H. L. Stevenson, N. Ismail, and D.H. Walker 5 Multiple Locus Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) Analysis (MLVA) of Brucella spp. Identifies Species-Specific Markers and Insights into Phylogenetic Relationships Lynn Y. Huynh, Matthew N. Van Ert, Ted Hadfield, William S. Probert, Bryan H. Bellaire, Michael Dobson, Robert J. Burgess, Robbin S. Weyant, Tanja Popovic, Shaylan Zanecki, David M. Wagner, and Paul Keim 6 Expression of the MtrC-MtrD-MtrE Efflux Pump in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Bacterial Survival in the Presence of Antimicrobials William M. Shafer, Jason P. Folster, Douglas E. Warner, Paul J. T. Johnson, Jennifer Rocco, Jacqueline. T. Balthazar, Nazia Kamal, and Ann E. Jerse Section 2. Tuberculosis 7 Whatcan Mycobacteriophages Tell Us About Mycobacterium tuberculosis? Graham F. Hatfull 8 Clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Differ in their Intracellular Growth in Human Macrophages Sue A. Theus, M. Donald Cave, Kathleen D. Eisenach 9 Mechanisms of Latent Tuberculosis: Dormancy and Resuscitation of M. tuberculosis Galina Mukamolova, Elena Salina, and Arseny Kaprelyants 10 Separating Latent and Acute Disease in the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis T. Mark Doherty 11 Mutant Selection Window Hypothesis: A Framework for Anti-Mutant Dosing of Antimicrobial Agents Karl Drlica and Xilin Zhao Section 3. Avian Influenza 12 The NIAID Influenza Genome Sequencing Project Lone Simonsen, Gayle Bernabe, Karen Lacourciere, Robert J. Taylor, and Maria Y. Giovanni 13 Lessons from the 1918 Spanish Flu Epidemic in Iceland Magnus Gottfredsson 14 Control of Notifiable Avian Influenza Infections in Poultry Ilaria Capua and Stefano Marangon 15 Understanding the Complex Pathobiology of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses in Birds David E. Swayne Section 4. Prophylactics and Therapeutics for Infectious Diseases 16 Development of Prophylactics and Therapeutics against the Smallpox and Monkeypox Biothreat Agents Mark Buller, Lauren Handley, and Scott Parker 17 The Hierarchic Informational Technology for QSAR Investigations. Molecular Design of Antiviral Compounds. V. E. Kuz'min, A. G. Artemenko, E. N. Muratov, L. N. Ognichenko, A. I. Hromov, A.V. Liahovskij, and P.G. Polischuk 18 Antivirals for Influenza: Novel Agents and Approaches William A Fischer II, and Frederick Hayden 19