Main description:

This book discusses the pathology of the retina, and reviews current research on the use of cell replacement therapy and short peptides to restore functional activity in retinal neurons. As the book describes, pathologies of the retina, including age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa, present a long-standing challenge in the practice of clinical ophthalmology. Modern treatment for these conditions, which lead to irreversible blindness, includes laser exposure, surgical intervention, and drugs. These treatments aim to reduce the risk of new complications in the eye; pathogenetic therapy of degenerative diseases of the retina is practically absent in current ophthalmic practice.

The first section of the book reviews the molecular mechanisms of age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinitis pigmentosa, and reports on methods of treatment. The second section presents the results of recent experimental studies of the effects of short peptides on pluripotent embryonic cells; on proliferative activity in retinal cells and pigment epithelium; on expression of markers of differentiation or retinal neurons and pigment epithelium; and on the course of hereditary retinal pigmentation in Campbell rats. The third section offers results of clinical studies on the effectiveness of short peptides in patients with macular degeneration, and in patients with retinitis pigmentosa.

The author concludes that the regular use of peptides in the treatment of degenerative diseases of the retina can slow the progression of the pathological process and preserve the patient's vision for some 10-15 years. In addition, in 80 percent of patients, it is possible to increase visual function by increasing visual acuity, improving the boundaries of the visual field and the fundus.

Contents:

Chapter 1. Literature review1.1. Age features of retina

1.2. Current trends in the treatment of degenerative diseases of the retina

1.3. Results of modern scientific research in the field of cell replacement therapy using neuronal stem cells

1.4. Biological effects of peptide bioregulators

1.5. Results of experimental and clinical studies of peptide bioregulators in ophthalmology

Chapter 2. Objects and research methods

2.1. Materials of an experimental study on pluripotent embryonic tissue of Xenopus Laevis clawed frog

2.2. Materials of an experimental study on cell culture of the retina and pigment epithelium of Wistar rats

2.3. Materials of an experimental study in organotypic culture of the retina of the chicken embryo and Wistar rats of different ages

2.4. Materials of an experimental study in rats Campbell with retinitis pigmentosa

2.5. Materials of morphometric studies.

Chapter 3. Results of experimental studies

3.1. Results of a study of the induction properties of short peptides on pluripotent embryonic cells

3.2. Effect of short peptides on the proliferative activity of retinal cells and pigment epithelium

3.3. Effect of short peptides on the growth of organotypic tissue cultures of chicken and Wistar rat embryos of different ages

3.4. Effect of short peptides on the course of hereditary retinal pigment degeneration of Campbell rats

3.5. Effect of short peptides on the expression of markers of differentiation of retinal neurons and pigment epithelium.

Chapter 4. Clinical studies results

4.1. Clinical characteristics of patients

4.2. Evaluation of the effectiveness of peptide bioregulators in patients with degenerative diseases of the retina

4.3. Conclusion