Main description:

This handbook is a reference source for identifying, characterizing, instructing on use, and describing outcomes of neurotoxin treatments - to understand mechanisms associated with toxin use; to project outcomes of neurotoxin treatments; to gauge neurotoxins as predictors of events leading to neurodegenerative disorders and as aids to rational use of neurotoxins to model disease entities. Neuroprotection is approached in different manners including those 1) afforded by therapeutic agents - clinical and preclinical; or 2) by non-drug means, such as exercise. The amorphous term 'neurotoxin' is discussed in terms of the possible eventuality of a neuroprotectant producing an outcome of excess neuronal survival and a behavioral spectrum that might produce a dysfunction - akin to a neurotoxin's effect. This new edition significantly expands on the information provided in the first edition, providing the latest research in neurotoxicity and highlighting the relationship between specific neurotoxins and the neurodegenerative disorders they can cause. It also includes new sections on the neurotoxicity of heavy metals, fungi, and snake venom. The Handbook of Neurotoxicity is thus an instructive and valuable guide towards understanding the role of neurotoxins/neurotoxicity in the expansive field of Neuroscience, and is an indispensable tool for laboratory investigators, neuroscientists, and clinical researchers.

Contents:

Part A

1. Cell Death Processes: Neurons and Glia

2. Neuronal Necrosis

3. Neuronal Apoptosis

4. Autophagy Pathways

5. Necrostatin Neuroprotection

6. Neuronal Necroptosis, Relation to Neurological Disorders

7. Multiple Cell Death Processes in Neurological Disorders

8. Micorglia: Neuroprotective and Neurodestructive Properties

Part B

9. Selective Neurotoxins

10. Survey of Selective Neurotoxinx

11. RCSN Cell System for Identifying Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity

12. Neurotoxicity: A complex multistage process

Part C

13. Dopaminergic and Noradrenergic Neurotoxins

14. Dopamine and L-dopa as Selective Endogenous Neurotoxins

15. Dopamine D2 Receptor Supersensitivity as a non-Degenerative Neurotoxin

16. Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 (TAAR1) and Doapmine Receptor Sensitivity

17. Dopamine Receptor Supersensitivity to Model Schizophrenia

18. Pathophysiology of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Insights from Normal Function and Neurotoxic Effects of Drugs, Infection, and Brain Injury

19. Dopamine D3 receptors and schizophrenia / drug addiction

20. Tardive Dyskinesia: Outcome of Antipsychotic Treatment and Brain Damage?

21. 6-Hydroxydopamine Neurotoxicity in Adult Animals

22. 6-Hydroxydopamine Neurotoxicity in Perinatal Animals

23. 6-Hydroxydopa in Perinatal and Adult Animals

24. MPTP Neurotoxicity Mechanisms

Part D

25. Dopaminergic and Noradrenergic Neurotoxins and Neurodegenerative Disorders

26. anti-NGF

27. Advances in Stem Cell Research for Parkinson's Disease

28. Autophagy Pathways and Parkinson's Disease

29. Regulation of DA Homeostasis and Role of VMAT2 in Parkinson's Disease

30. Alpha-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease

31. Dopaminergic Neurons in Parkinson's Disease

32. Dopamine Oxidation and Parkinson's Disease

33. Neuromelanin and Parkinson's Disease

34. Iron-Induced Dopaminergic Cell Death in vivo as a Model of Parkinson's Disease

35. Iron Neurotoxicity in Parkinson's Disease

36. 6-Hydroxydopamine as Preclinical Model of Parkinson's Disease

37. MPTP modeling of Parkinson's Disease

38. MPTP: Advances from and Evergreen Neurotoxin

39. MPTP and Motor Neurons

40. MPTP Neurotoxicity: Actions, Mechanisms, and Animal Modeling of Parkinson's Disease

41. Paraquat and Parkinson's Disease

42. Rotenone Preclinical Modeling of Parkinson's Disease

43. N-Methyl-(R)-Salsolinol and Parkinson's Disease

44. Fusion Models and "Fusioning" in Parkinsonism: 1-Benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline

45. Amphetamines as Neurotoxins

a. METH Neurotoxicity

b. Neurotoxicity of MDMA

46. Cocaine influence of A2/D2 receptor heteromers

47. Cocaine as a Neurotoxin

48. NBOMe Neurotoxicity

49. Cathinone Neurotoxicity - several chapters

50. Neurotoxic Vulnerability Underlying Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

51. Molecular Mechanism and Effects of Clostridial Neurotoxins

52. Botulinum Neurotoxicity

53. ~3 addl subchapters on Botulinum Neurotoxicity

54. Neurotoxic Effects, Mechanisms, and Outcome of 192-IgG Saporin

55. TRPV1 Activators ("Vanilloids") as Neurotoxins

56. Protective Agents in Parkinson's Disease:Caffeine and Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonists

57. Physical Exercise as Intervention in Parkinsonism

58. Manganese Neurotoxicity and Parkinson's Disease

59. Neuroinflammation and Parkinson's Disease

60. Neurotoxicity in Psychostimulant and Opiate Addiction

61. Homocysteine and Cerebellar Damage

62. Propionic Acid, Modeling of Autism Spectrum Disorders

63. 1-Me-TIQ, and endogenous Neuroprotectant

64. 5-MeO-DIPT

65. 3-MD-Glutaric acid

66. 3-NP and Huntington's Disease

67. 25C-NBOMe

68. M-30

69. Trace amine-associated receptor 1 and neuropsychiatric disorders

70. PACAP as a Neuroprotectant

71. Doxycycline as a Neuroprotectant

72. PCP Modeling Amnesia

73. Drug Abuse Neurotoxicity:

74. Alcohol and Nicotine as Developmental Stressors

75. Neurotrophic Factors and Ethanol Neurotoxicity

76. Salsolinol and Addiction

77. Snake Venom Toxins

78. Salicylate Ototoxicity

Part E

79. Serotoninergic Neurotoxins

80. Nature of DSP-4-Induced Neurotoxicity

81. 5,6- and 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamines as Serotoninergic Neurotoxins

82. 2'NH(2)-MPTP: A Serotonin and Norepinephrine Neurotoxin

Part F

83. Excitotoxins and Excitotoxicity

84. Glutamate as a Neurotoxin

85. Aspartate as a Neurotoxin

86. Concept of Excitotoxicity via Glutamate Receptors

87. Glutamate Neurotoxicity, Transport and Alternative Splicing of Transporters

88. Excitotoxicity: A Complex Multistage Process Involving Different Mechanisms

89. Glutamate Excitotoxicity Relation to Energy Failure

90. Ionotropic Receptors in the Central Nervous System and Neurodegenerative Disorders

91. Excitotoxicity and Axon Degeneration

92. Glutamate Scavengers

93. Quinolinate and Related Excitotoxins: Mechanisms of Neurotoxicity and Disease Relevanc

94. Domoic Acid as a Neurotoxin

95. BOAA and Neurotoxicit - several chapters

96. Endogenous Kynurenic Acid and Neurotoxicity

97. Neuroprotection by Kynurenine Metabolites

98. BMAA (beta-N-Methylamino .....

a. 4 subchapters on BMAA Neurotoxicity

99. Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in Neurodegenerative and Other Disorders

100. Okadaic acid modeling of Alzheimer's Disease

101. Excitotoxicity in Parkinson's Disease

102. Excitotoxicity and the Pathogenesis of Gliomas

103. Excitotoxicity and Epielpsy; Epilepsy re Neurotoxicity Mechs - one or more addl chapter

104. Excitotoxicity in Multiple Sclerosis

105. Excitotoxicity: Insights into Pathogenesis of AD

106. Excitotoxicity and ALS: Insights into Pathogenesis

107. Excitotoxicity and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

108. Fungal Neurotoxins and ALS

109. Excitotoxicity and Huntington Disease

110. Excitotoxicity and Stroke

111. Excitotoxicity in HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disordders

112. Excitotoxicity and AIDS

113. Excitotoxicity and Neuroprotection in Spinal Cord Injury

114. Excitotoxicity in the Pathogenesis of Autism

115. Cancer-Mediated Excitotoxicity

116. Excitotoxicity and Depression

117. Lead and Excitotoxicity

118. Glutamate and Neurodegeneration in the Retina

119. Excitotoxicity and Epielpsy

120. Seizures, Neurotrophin, Neuronal Death

121. Neurodegenerative Aspets of Multiple System Atrophy

122. Excitotoxicity in Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury

123. Molecular, Cellular, and Behavioural Effects Produced by Perinatal Asphyxia: Neuroprotectants Targeting NMDA Receptor Signaling

124. Neuroprotective Strategies in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Modulation of Neurotransmitory and Neurotrophic Input to Motor Neurons

125. Neuroprotection in Demyelinating Diseases: The Therapeutic Potential of the Neurotrophins

126. p75NTR: A Molecule with Multiple Functions in Amyloid-beta

127. Metabolism and Neurotoxicity

128. Neurotrophins and ALS

129. Neurotrophic Factors & NeuroAIDS

130. Neuroprotection by Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 (PARP-1) Inhibition

Part G

131. Alzheimer's Disease and Neurotoxic Aspects

132. Stem Cell Therapies for Age Associated Neurodegeneration

133. Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease

134. Experimental Approach to Alzheimer Disease

135. Potential Therapeutic Effects of Statins in Alzheimer's Disease

136. Excitotoxicity and Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment Challenges

137. Amyloid-beta, BDNF, and Mechanism of Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Diseases

138. Drug Treatments: hopes, challenges

139. Cannabinoids and Alzheimer's

140. Heavy Metal Neurotoxicity

141. Trimethyltin Neurotoxicity

142. Mn Neurotoxicity

143. MeHG

144. Cd Neurotoxicity

145. Fe Neurotoxicity

146. Organoselenium

147. Al Neurotoxicity

148. Se Neurotoxicity

149. Pb Neurotoxicity

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