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Main description:
An odd and unexpected finding was reported by the laboratory of Richard Jorgensen in 1990: expression of extra copies of the gene encoding chalone synthase in petunias turned off the endogenous chalone synthase gene. An observation that appeared totally unrelated was made by the laboratory of Victor Ambrose in 1993: a gene in Caenorhabditis elegans, lin-4, controlled the timing of larval development but did not encode a protein. Rather, it expressed two small RNAs that were complementary to the 3'-untranslated region of the lin-14 gene in a region that had previously been shown to repress expression of the LIN-14 protein. From another quarter, David Baulcombe's laboratory showed in 1997 that plant viruses could induce sequen- specific gene silencing. Then in a landmark paper, Andrew Fire and Craig Mello showed in 1998 that double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) triggers a gene-silencing mechanism that they dubbed RNA interference (RNAi), for which discovery they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2006. These diverse findings have triggered an explosion of research around the world in both plants and animals to discover the mechanisms and broader ramifications of RNAi.
We now know that there are both exogenous pathways involving formation of siRNA when dsRNA is introduced and endogenous pathways involving miRNA, piwiRNA, and rasiRNAs. All pathways culminate in formation of an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) containing a member of the Argonaute protein family bound to a 22-nt RNA strand that interacts with a target mRNA or gene through Watson-Crick base pairing.
Contents:
Understanding How miRNAs Post-Transcriptionally Regulate Gene Expression.- Translational Control of Endogenous MicroRNA Target Genes in.- Translational Inhibition by MicroRNAs in Plants.- Regulation of p27 mRNA Expression by MicroRNAs.- The Inhibitory Effect of Apolipoprotein B mRNA-Editing Enzyme Catalytic Polypeptide-Like 3G (APOBEC3G) and Its Family Members on the Activity of Cellular MicroRNAs.- MicroRNA-Mediated mRNA Deadenylation and Repression of Protein Synthesis in a Mammalian Cell-Free System.- miRNA Effects on mRNA Closed-Loop Formation During Translation Initiation.
PRODUCT DETAILS
Publisher: Springer (Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K)
Publication date: March, 2012
Pages: 125
Weight: 207g
Availability: Available
Subcategories: Biochemistry, General Issues, Genetics
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