Main description:

Diagnosis and Treatment in Internal Medicine equips trainee doctors with the essential skills and core knowledge to establish a diagnosis reliably and quickly, before outlining the management of the clinical condition diagnosed.

Organised into three sections, the first provides a vital overview, whilst the second focuses on common presentations and diagnoses. Uniquely, this new book shows readers how to turn symptoms into a list of diagnoses ordered by probability - a differential diagnosis. Experienced consultants who teach trainees every day demonstrate how to derive an ordered differential diagnosis, how to narrow this down to a single diagnosis and if not, how to live with diagnostic uncertainty. The final section
provides a comprehensive account of the management of system-based syndromes and diseases.

Highly-structured chapters emphasize how common conditions present, how to approach a diagnosis, and how to estimate prognosis, treatment and its effectiveness. An onus is placed on the development of crucial diagnostic skills and the ability to devise evidence-based management plans quickly and accurately, making this an ideal text for core medical trainees.

Contents:

Part 1 The approach to the patient
1: Diagnostic reasoning
2: Dealing with uncertainty
3: Taking the history
4: The physical examination
5: The psychological examination
6: Confidentiality
7: Consent
Part 2 Assessment of symptoms and presenting problems
8: Palpitation
9: Acute chest pain
10: Chronic chest pain
11: Hypotension
12: Acute breathlessness
13: Chronic breathlessness
14: Peripheral oedema
15: Murmur
16: Cough
17: Wheeze
18: Haemoptysis
19: Pleural effusion
20: Chylothorax
21: Difficulty swallowing
22: Haematemesis
23: Acute abdominal pain
24: Chronic abdominal pain
25: Dyspepsia
26: Abdominal mass
27: Constipation
28: Acute diarrhoea
29: Chronic diarrhoea
30: Rectal bleeding
31: Jaundice
32: Ascites
33: Chylous ascites
34: Swelling in the neck
35: Splenomegaly and other disorders of the spleen
36: Lymphadenopathy
37: Anaemia
38: Bruising and bleeding
39: Transient loss of consciousness
40: Coma
41: Delirium (Acute confusional state)
42: Seizures
43: Difficulty speaking (including dysphasia and dysarthria)
44: Weakness
45: Tremor and other abnormal movements
46: Gait disorders
47: Sensory loss
48: Headache
49: Loss of vision
50: The red eye
51: Hearing loss
52: Facial pain
53: Dizziness
54: Disorders of sleep
55: Haematuria
56: Oliguria and anuria
57: Polyuria
58: Dysuria
59: Urinary incontinence
60: Faecal incontinence
61: Vaginal discharge
62: Joint pain
63: Muscle pain
64: Low back pain
65: Painful leg
66: Leg ulcer
67: Limb ischaemia
68: Rashes
69: Blistering rashes
70: Photosensitive rashes
71: Itching
72: Lumps and bumps
73: Falls
74: Immobility ( Off legs )
75: Suspected anaphylaxis
76: Fever
77: Hyperthermia
78: Hypothermia
79: Fatigue
80: Unintentional weight loss
81: Obesity
82: Self-harm
83: Alcohol intoxication
84: Intravenous drug use
Part 3 Cardiovascular disorders
85: Normal function of the cardiovascular system
86: Risk factors for cardiovascular disease
87: Diagnosis and investigation in suspected heart disease
88: Congenital heart disease in adults
89: Chronic stable angina
90: Acute coronary syndromes
91: Acute heart failure
92: Chronic heart failure
93: Aortic stenosis
94: Aortic regurgitation
95: Mitral regurgitation
96: Miscellaneous valvar pathology: mitral stenosis, pulmonary stenosis, and tricuspid regurgitation
97: Percutaneous coronary interventions
98: Heart surgery
99: Circulatory support therapy
100: Pulmonary hypertension
101: Venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
102: Aortic aneurysm
103: Aortic dissection
104: Peripheral arterial disease
105: Raynaud's phenomenon
106: Heart muscle disease (cardiomyopathy)
107: Tumours and the heart
108: Cardiac infection
109: Pericardial disease
110: Extrasystoles
111: Sinus tachycardia
112: Focal (ectopic) atrial tachycardia (FAT/EAT)
113: Multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT)
114: Atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT)
115: Atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia (AVRT)
116: Atrial fibrillation
117: Atrial flutter
118: Ventricular tachyarrhythmias: ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation
119: Bradyarrhythmias
120: Sudden cardiac death
121: Cardiac device therapy
122: Drug-induced cardiovascular disease
123: Psychological management of coronary heart disease
124: Treatment of terminal cardiovascular disease
Part 4 Respiratory disorders
125: Normal respiratory function
126: Diagnosis in suspected respiratory disease
127: Investigation in respiratory disease
128: Upper respiratory tract infection, including influenza
129: Pneumonia
130: Tuberculosis
131: Pneumothorax
132: Cystic fibrosis
133: Asthma
134: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
135: Respiratory failure
136: Obstructive sleep apnoea
137: Bronchiectasis
138: Sarcoidosis and other granulomatous lung disease
139: Interstitial lung disease
140: Pulmonary vasculitis
141: Lung cancer (including management of an isolated lung lesion)
142: Occupational lung disease
143: Pleural infection and malignancy
144: Drug-induced lung disease
145: Psychology in respiratory disease including dysfunctional breathing
146: Terminal care in respiratory illness
Part 5 Intensive care medicine
147: Critical illness
148: Role of the intensive care unit
149: ICU treatment of respiratory failure
150: ICU treatment of cardiovascular failure
151: ICU treatment of renal failure
152: ICU treatment of sepsis and septic shock
153: Terminal care in the intensive care unit
154: Brain death
Part 6 Disorders of the kidney and urinary tract
155: Normal renal function
156: Diagnosis in suspected renal disease
157: Investigation in renal disease
158: Urinary tract infection
159: Glomerulonephritis
160: Interstitial renal disease
161: Nephrotic syndrome
162: Acute renal failure
163: Chronic kidney disease
164: Diabetic renal disease
165: Urinary tract obstruction and tumours
166: Renal calculi
167: Renal and bladder cancer
168: Renal support therapy
169: Inherited renal diseases
170: The kidney in systemic disease
171: Renal vascular disease
172: Management of terminal care in renal disease
173: Disorders of plasma potassium
174: Disorders of plasma sodium
175: Disorders of plasma calcium
176: Disorders of plasma phosphate
177: Disorders of plasma magnesium and other elements
178: Disorders of acid-base balance
179: Porphyria
180: Aminoacidopathies, urea cycle disorders and organic acidurias
181: Amyloidosis
Part 7 Diabetes mellitus and endocrine disorders
182: Normal function of the endocrine system
183: Diagnosis and investigation in endocrine disorders
184: Diabetes mellitus
185: Hypoglycaemia
186: Thyroid disease
187: Primary hyperparathyroidism
188: Adrenal disease
189: Cushing syndrome
190: Short stature
191: Infertility
192: Pituitary disorders: prolactinomas, acromegaly and pituitary apoplexy
Part 8 Gastro-intestinal disorders
193: Normal gastrointestinal function
194: Diagnosis in suspected gastrointestinal disease
195: Investigation in gastrointestinal disease
196: Immunology and genetics in gastrointestinal and hepatic medicine
197: Gastrointestinal infections
198: Benign oesophageal disease
199: Peptic ulcer disease
200: Gall bladder disease
201: Pancreatic disease
202: Malabsorption
203: Inflammatory bowel disease
204: Gastrointestinal tumours
205: Functional gastrointestinal diseases
206: Psychiatry in gastrointestinal medicine
Part 9 Disorders of the liver
207: Normal hepatic function
208: Investigation in liver disease
209: Acute liver failure
210: Chronic liver failure
211: Alcoholic liver disease
212: Viral hepatitis
213: Auto-immune hepatitis
214: Genetic liver disease
215: Drug-induced liver disease
216: Miscellaneous liver diseases
217: The liver in systemic disease
218: Liver cancer
Part 10 Neurological disorders
219: Normal neurological function
220: Diagnosis in suspected neurological disease
221: Investigation in neurological disease
222: Demographics of neurological disease
223: Neurogenetic disease
224: Neuro-cutaneous syndromes
225: Congenital neurological disorders
226: Epilepsy
227: Stroke
228: Dementia
229: Neurological infection
230: Disorders of movement
231: Multiple sclerosis
232: Motor neurone disease
233: Spinal cord disease
234: Neuropathy
235: Myopathy
236: Vasculitis in neurology
237: Neurological tumours
238: Non-metastatic neurological manifestations of malignancy
239: Neurosurgery
240: Drug-induced neurological disease
241: Functional and dissociative neurological symptoms
242: Palliative care in neurological disease
Part 11 Disorders of the skin
243: Normal skin function
244: Approach to diagnosing skin disease
245: Investigation in skin disease
246: Skin infection and infestation
247: Cutaneous vasculitis
248: Acne
249: Psoriasis
250: Eczema
251: Urticaria
252: Bullous disorders
253: Hair disorders
254: Nail disorders
255: Mucosal disease
256: Genital disease
257: Polymorphic light eruption and actinic prurigo
258: Disorders of pigmentation
259: Skin cancer
260: Skin markers of internal disease
261: Drug-induced skin disease
262: Psychocutaneous medicine
Part 12 Disorders of the musculoskeletal system
263: Normal function of the musculoskeletal system
264: Diagnosis in suspected rheumatological disease
265: Investigation in rheumatological disease
266: Osteoarthritis
267: Rheumatoid arthritis
268: Sero-negative spondylarthropathy
269: Systemic lupus erythematosus
270: Crystal arthropathy
271: Infection of joints and bones
272: Vasculitis
273: Osteomalacia
274: Paget's disease of bone
275: Osteoporosis and fragility fracture
276: Genetic bone and joint disease
Part 13 Haematological disorders
277: Normal blood function
278: Diagnosis and investigation in haematology
279: Haematinic-deficiency anaemia
280: Haemolytic anaemia
281: Normal platelet function
282: Platelet disorders
283: Normal haemostatic function
284: Bleeding disorders
285: Prothrombotic conditions
286: Acute leukaemia
287: Chronic leukaemia
288: Myelodysplasia
289: Lymphoma
290: Multiple myeloma and related conditions
291: Myeloproliferative disorders
292: Terminal care in haematological disease
Part 14 Disorders of the immune system
293: Functions of the immune system
294: Clinical features and diagnosis of immunological disease
295: Neutrophil abnormalities
296: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
297: Antibody deficiencies
298: Combined T and B cell immunodeficiencies
299: Complement deficiencies
300: Hypersensitivity diseases
301: Immunological support
302: Immunosuppressive therapy and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies
Part 15 Infectious diseases
303: Defences against infection
304: Nature and demographics: Epidemiology of infective organisms
305: Diagnosis in suspected infective disease: The history and examination
306: Investigation in infection
307: Treatment of infection
308: Viral infection
309: Sepsis
310: Bacterial infection
311: Mycobacterial infection other than tuberculosis
312: Spirochaetal infection (non-syphilis)
313: Syphilis
314: Rickettsial infection
315: Fungal infection
316: Protozoal infection: Gut organisms
317: Protozoal infection: Malaria
318: Worm infection (including hydatid disease)
319: Prion disease
320: Sexually-transmitted disease (gonorrhoea)
Part 16 Cancers
321: Cancers related to infection
322: Principles of oncogenesis
323: Presentations in suspected cancer
324: Diagnosis and staging of cancer
325: Treatment of cancer
326: Prostate cancer
327: Breast cancer
328: Ovarian and testicular cancer
329: Symptom-control in cancer
330: Dying from cancer
Part 17 Dietary, lifestyle and environmental factors affecting health
331: Normal nutritional function
332: Starvation and malnutrition
333: Vitamin deficiencies
334: Nutritional support in the critically ill
335: Poor diets
336: Obesity
337: Physical activity and its role in disease prevention
338: Smoking
339: Alcohol
340: Environmental radiation
341: Air pollution
342: Non-prescription drugs
Part 18 Prevention of disease
343: Prevention of cardiovascular disease
344: Prevention of respiratory disease
345: Prevention of kidney disease
346: Prevention of gastrointestinal disease
347: Prevention of neurological disease
348: Prevention of cerebrovascular disease
349: Prevention of infection
350: Prevention of cancer
Part 19 Screening for disease
351: Screening for cardiovascular disease
352: Screening for respiratory disease
353: Screening for kidney disease
354: Screening for gastrointestinal disease
355: Screening for neurological disease
356: Screening for cancer