Main description:

This volume represents the proceedings of the 24th Mos bach Colloquium on "Regulation of Transcription and Trans lation in Eukaryotes" which was held April 26-28, 1973, in Mosbach, Germany, under the auspices of the Gesellschaft fiir Biologische Chemie. To the three of us (H. KERSTEN, P. KARLSON and myself) who were commissioned with the invitation of speakers, it was a difficult decision as to whether we should attempt to cover with some twenty contributions as many aspects of this broad topic as possible, or to sacrifice the intellectually perhaps more pleasing but more specula tive concepts and to concentrate on a few aspects of gene expression in reasonable detail. We unanimously decided on the latter course, leaving such important and timely topics as for example, hormone action, cyclic AMP and reverse transcription to the proceedings of other symposia, and con centrating on the four questions which are most basic to an understanding of the mechanisms of transcription and trans lation and for which fragmentary but nonetheless reliable experimental results have become available within the last few years. These are the structure of chromatin, the syn thesis of messenger RNA, the structure of the active ribo some, and the role of initiation factors in protein synthesis.

Contents:

Chromosome Structure and Function.- The Organization of Sequences in Chromosomal DNA.- Discussion.- Gene Masking in Cell Differentiation: The Role of Non-Histone Chromosomal Proteins.- Discussion.- Biosynthesis and Enzymatic Modifications of Histones.- Discussion.- Pretranslational Control in Embryonic Differentiation.- Discussion.- Transcription I.- Formation and Regulation of Messenger RNA in Animal Cells.- Transcription and Processing of Adenovirus RNA in Productive Infection.- Discussion.- Transcription II.- Double-Stranded Viral and Cellular DNA's as Templates for Purified Mammalian DNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases.- Discussion.- Studies on in vitro RNA Synthesis by RNA Polymerases from Rat Liver Tissue.- Discussion.- A Protein Factor Influencing Mammalian RNA Polymerase B.- Discussion.- Transcription in Mitochondria.- Expression of the Mitochondrial Genome in Wild Type and in an Extranuclear Mutant of Neurospora Crassa.- Discussion.- Translation I.- Structure and Function of Bacterial Ribosomes.- Initiation of Protein Synthesis in Prokaryotes.- Discussion.- Translational Control in Eukaryotic Organisms.- Discussion.- The Mechanism of Subunit Interaction as a Key to the Understanding of Ribosome Function.- Discussion.- Translation II.- Isoacceptor tRNA's.- Functional and Modulated Adaptation of tRNA to Fibroin Biosynthesis in the Silk Gland of Bombyx mori L..- Discussion.- Functional Characterization of Five Initiation Factors for Mammalian Protein Synthesis.- Discussion.