Main description:

Although research and knowledge about Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and other Immune-mediated Disorders of the Central Nervous System (CNS) in adults have undergone enormous progresses during the last decade, there are still many unresolved questions concerning the occurrence, natural history, diagnosis and management of these disorders in children. Leading international experts cover the current knowledge and research results spanning from basic science to diagnosis and treatment options in paediatric patients. In its eight sections, the book gives detailed presentations of the protean aspects of MS and its rare variants (e.g., Balò’s, Devic’s, Marburg and Schilder’s disease), the clinically isolated syndromes, the acute and chronic parainfectious encephalomyelitides, the CNS vasculitides and other less common conditions. This unique work provides the reader with a complete update in paediatric neuroimmunology. A must-have for all experts caring for children with Multiple Sclerosis and related conditions.

Feature:

Contributions of leading international experts in the field of clinical and basic science in paediatric neuroimmunology

Unique collection of recent research results and knowledge enriched by ideograms and drawings illustrating the basic disease mechanisms and the clinical aspects

Additional coverage of so far neglected topics and rare conditions occurring in the youngest age groups of patients

Contents:

1. Clinical overview of immune-mediated disorders of CNS in childhood






2. The immunology of the developing CNS







Section I




MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS







3. Multiple sclerosis through the centuries








4. Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in the paediatric age








5. Genetic susceptibility to multiple sclerosis








6. Pathology








7. Pathophysiology








8. Neuroimmunobiology








9. Clinical aspects of multiple sclerosis in children








10. Clinical aspects of multiple sclerosis in children








11. Extremely early onset form of multiple sclerosis (< 2 years)








12. Onset of multiple sclerosis before the age of 6 years vs. onset in the pre-pubertal and pubertal age








13. Natural history of multiple sclerosis in childhood








14. Imaging in multiple sclerosis in the paediatric age








15. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis and other laboratory investigation








16. Neurophysiology








17. Neuropsychological/cognitive aspects of multiple sclerosis in children








18. Diagnosis: application of current multiple sclerosis criteria to children








19. Experimental models








20. Treatment and management





Symptomatic therapy




Immunomodulating drugs




Supportive care




Future immunotherapies







21. Rehabilitation








22. Psychosocial and scholar aspects [Europe, USA, South America, Japan]







Section II




VARIANTS OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS







23. Marburg disease [Acute fulminating multiple sclerosis]








24. Schilder’s disease [Myelinoclastic Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis or Encephalitis Periaxialis Diffusa]








25. [Balo’s] Concentric sclerosis or Encephalitis Periaxialis Concentrica








26. Devic’s disease [Optic neuromyelitis]







Section III




OTHER CONDITIONS MIMICKING MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS







27. Infectious disorders mimicking multiple sclerosis








28. Genetic disorders mimicking multiple sclerosis







 




Section IV




CLINICALLY ISOLATED SYNDROMES







29. Acute and recurrent isolated optic neuritis








30. Acute cerebellitis








31. Acute transverse myelitis








32. Acute meningoencephalitis








33. Chronic meningoencephalitis (Mollarè)








34. Encephalo-myelo-radiculoneuropathy (EMRN) [including Bickerstaff’s brainstem encephalitis]







Section V




ACUTE PARAINFECTIOUS ENCEPHALOMYELITIDES







35. [Acute] Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (DEM)








36. Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis [Hurst disease]







Section VI




CHRONIC OR RECURRENT PARAINFECTIOUS ENCEPHALOMYELITIDES







37. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis [SSPE]








38. HIV encephalopathy








39. HTLV1-associated myelopathy







Section VII




CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM VASCULITIDES







40. Primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PANCS) [including Granulomatous angiitis of the CNS (GANCS), Benign angiopathy of the CNS (BACNS)]








41. Secondary systemic vasculitides [including CNS vasculitides secondary to infections -bacterial, Mycobacterium, Spirochetes, Rickettsial, fungal, viral (HZV, HIV), parasitic -








42. Less common secondary systemic vasculitides





[Polyarteritis nodosa, Kawasaki disease, Wegener’s granulomatosis and ANCA vasculitides, microscopic polyangitis, Churg-Strauss syndrome, Collagen vascular diseases (acute rheumatic fever, chronic neonatal/infantile onset multisystem inflammatory disease-CINCA, Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis-JRA, Scleroderma, Sjogren syndrome, Mixed connective tissue disease, Adamantiades-Bechet/neuro-Bechet disease, Systemic lupus erithematosus-SLE]







43. Sydenham’s chorea








44. PANDAS (Paediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with - Group A b-haemolytic - Streptococcal infection]







Section VIII




OTHER IMMUNE-MEDIATED DISORDERS







45. Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes








46. Rasmussen’s syndrome








47. Antiphospholipid syndrome








48. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy [PML]