Main description:

The Sixth Annual International Spring Symposium on Health Sciences, held in Washington, D. C. , in May 1986, brought together over 650 scientists from 19 countries to review and update research on cardiovascular disease. In this volume, which contains 59 chapters, an internationally recognized group of authors con tribute up-to-date accounts of molecular and cellular processes occurring in the vessel wall in atherogenesis and describe approaches to the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. The volume is divided into six major sections. Two sections deal with current aspects of lipoprotein metabolism. In Part I, we are alerted to the impact on li poprotein metabolism of structural heterogeneity within the four broad lipoprotein classes. Attention then turns to the components that orchestrate lipoprotein metab olism. Apolipoprotein identities, processing, and functions are described, as are the roles of lipid transfer proteins in plasma lipoprotein remodeling. Hepatic lipase synthesis and secretion are described. In Part II, Nobel Laureates Michael S. Brown and Joseph L. Goldstein describe mutations in the LDL receptor that reveal the functions of its various domains and point out how understanding the LDL receptor has provided a rational basis for its regulation. A discussion of the role of receptors in regulating cholesterol uptake by tissues follows, with emphasis on receptor-ligand interactions. Additional pathways for cholesterol delivery to cells are explored, as are pathways for cholesterol egress.

Contents:

I- Lipoprotein Metabolism: Apoproteins, Enzymes, and Lipid Transfer Proteins.- 1. An Overview of Lipoprotein Metabolism: The Impact of Structural Heterogeneity.- 2.Analysis of the in Vitro Translation Product of mRNA Coding for Chick Intestine polipoprotein A-I 9.- 3. Use of DNA Polymorphisms to Investigate the Role of Apolipoprotein B in the Determinationof Serum Cholesterol Levels.- 4. Human Apolipoprotein B: Cloning and Analysis of Liver and Intestinal mRNA and Their Expression in Patients with Abetalipoproteinemia.- 5. Genomic Structure, Biosynthesis, and Processing of Preproapolipoprotein C-II.- 6. Synthesis and Secretion of Hepatic Lipase by Rat Hepatocytes.- 7. Relationships of Changes in Postheparin Hepatic and Lipoprotein Lipase Activity to HDL-Cholesterol Changes Following Weight Loss Achieved by Dieting versus Exercise.- 8. Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase and Plasma Lipid Transfer Protein.- II - Lipoprotein Metabolism: Regulation, Receptors, and Dyslipoproteinemias.- 9. Receptor-Mediated Regulation of Cholesterol Metabolism.- 10 The Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor: Mutations and Regulation.- 11 The Role of Apolipoprotein E and the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor in Modulating the in Vivo Metabolism of Apolipoprotein-B-Containing Lipoproteins.- 12. Uptake of LDL-Sized Particles Extracted from Human Aortic Lesions by Macrophages in Culture.- 13. The J774 Macrophage Model of Native LDL-Induced Foam Cell Formation: Markedly Elevated LDL-Induced Acyl-Coenzyme A: Cholesterol Acyltransferase Activity in Comparison to Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages Despite Similar LDL Receptor Activity.- 14. Derivatization of Apo-Low-Density Lipoprotein Lysine Residues by Lipid Peroxidation Products during Low-Density Lipoprotein Oxidation.- 15. Ingress and Egress of Cholesterol.- 16. Preferential Uptake of Core Lipids of HDL3 by Hep G2 Cells.- 17. Free Apolipoproteins A-I and A-IV Present in Human Plasma Displace High-Density Lipoprotein on Cultured Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells.- 18. Major Gene and Environmental Determinants of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: Relationship to Atherosclerosis.- 19. Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia and Familial Hypertriglyceridemia.- III- Vessel Wall Biology: Proliferation and Neovascularization.- 20. Mediators of Neovascularization.- 21. The Extracellular Matrix as a Modulator of Angiogenesis.- 22 The Extracellular Matrix Produced during Angiogenesis in Culture.- 23 Neovascularization Induced by the Cellular Component of Atherosclerotic Plaque.- 24 Heparinlike Species and Inhibition of Proliferation in the Vessel Wall.- 25 Lymphocyte Interactions with Endothelial Cells.- 26. Transition of Smooth Muscle Cells from the Quiescent to the Proliferative Form: Role of Elastonectin and Plasma Membrane Elastase-Type Protease.- 27. Transformation of Rabbit Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells by SV40 Virus.- 28. Transforming Sequences Associated with Atherosclerotic Plaque DNA.- IV - Vessel Wall Biology: Thrombosis and Hemostasis.- 29. Thrombospondin: Macromolecular Surface Interactions.- 30. Thrombin and Factor Xa Uptake and Inhibition by Cultured Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells, Smooth Muscle Cells, and Rat Hepatoma Cells.- 31. Behavior of Rabbit Antithrombin III at the Surface of the Normal and Deendothelialized Rabbit Thoracic Aorta in Vitro and in Vivo.- 32. In Vitro and in Vivo Antithrombotic Effect of a Collagen-Derived Octapeptide.- 33. The Fibrinolytic System of Cultured Endothelial Cells.- 34. Prostaglandin Synthesis in Atherosclerotic Human Carotid Artery.- 35. Interactions of Alcohol and Prostanoids in the Vascular System: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease.- 36 Extracellular Nucleotide Hydrolysis and the Integration of Signaling.- 37 Specific Inhibition by BN 52021 and Structurally Related Compounds of the PAF-Acether-Induced Increase in Cytosolic Free Calcium.- V - Atherosclerosis: Animal Models, Sex Hormones, and Treatment.- 38. The Development and Use of Animal Models in Atherosclerosis Research.- 39. Atherosclerosis and Viral Gene in Japanese Quail.- 40. Pathogenesis of Coronary Artery Spasm: Role of Intimal Thickening, Hypercholesterolemia, and Endothelial Denudation on Coronary Hypercontraction to Histamine in Miniature Swine.- 41. Effects of Partial Ileal Bypass Surgery on Low-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism in Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic Rabbits.- 42. Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis of Female Cynomolgus Monkeys: Effect of Behavior and Contraceptive Steroids.- 43. Endogenous Sex Steroids and Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis in Cynomolgus Macaques.- 44. Platelet-Active Agents in the Management of Thrombotic Disorders.- 45. Lipid-Lowering Drugs in the Treatment of Atherosclerosis.- 46. Failure of Antiplatelet Treatment in Dietary Atherosclerosis: A Serial Intervention Study.- 47. Recovery of Thromboxane A2 and Prostacyclin Production in Vivo Following Single-Dose Aspirin Treatment.- 48. Mevinolin and Neomycin in the Treatment of Type II Hyperlipoproteinemia.- 49. Effect of High-Density Lipoproteins on Experimental Atherosclerosis.- VI- Atherosclerosis: Nutrition and Prevention.- 50. Changes in Postprandial Serum Lipids and Blood Viscosity before and after n-3 Fatty Acid Consumption.- 51. The Absorbabilty of Free and Esterified Eicosapentaenoic Acid: Its Lipoprotein Transport and Clearance.- 52. Stimulatory Action of Polysaturated Fatty Acids on Pyruvate Oxidation: Repercussion on HMG-CoA Reductase Activity and Cholesterol Turnover in Cultured Infant Liver Cells.- 53. Influence of Polyenoic Acids on Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Platelet Function.- 54. The Effects of Two Dietary Fats on Hepatic VLDL Secretion and Composition in the Rhesus Monkey.- 55. Reduction of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol by Dietary Intervention in Children at High Risk for Premature Coronary Artery Disease.- 56. Protein and Carbohydrate Effects in Atherosclerosis.- 57. Dietary Fiber and Atherosclerosis.- 58. Diet and High-Density Lipoprotein Metabolism.- 59. Diet and Coronary Heart Disease: Where Do We Stand?.- Participants.