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Main description:
Adult neurogenesis has been questioned for many years. In the early 1900s, a dogma was established that denied new neuron formation in the adult brain. In the last century however, new discoveries have demonstrated the real existence of proliferation in the adult brain, and in the last decade, these studies led to the identification of neural stem cells in mammals. Adult neural stem cells are undifferentiated cells that are present in the adult brain and are capable of dividing and differentiating into glia and new neurons. Newly formed neurons terminally differentiate into mature neurons in the olfactory bulb and the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Since then, a number of new research lines have emerged whose common objective is the phenotypical and molecular characterization of brain stem cells. As a result, new therapies are successfully being applied to animal models for certain neurodegenerative diseases or stroke. At present, and in years to come, this finding extends to the adult human brain, and gives reason and hope to all the previous studies.
Contents:
Historic Overview.- 2. Research methodologies of adult neurogenesis.- 2.1. Immunohistochemistry.- 2.2. Electron microscopy.- 2.3. Neurosphere assay.- 2.4. Fluorescence-Assisted Cell Sorting analysis in stem cell research.- 2.5. Transgenic animals and the cre-lox system.- 2.6. Transplantation of adult NSCs.- 2.7. Integration and functionality of newborn cells in the adult brain.- 3. Neurogenesis in the intact adult mammalian central nervous system.- 3.1. Description of neurogenic regions in the adult mammalian brain.- 3.2. Identification of the adult neural stem cell.- 3.3. Other proliferating and neurogenic centers in the adult brain.- 3.4. Distinct features of distinct species: a comparative study from mouse to human.- 4. Oncogenesis versus neurogenesis.- 5. Adult neurogenesis under pathological stimulation: Ischemia.- 5.1. Concept and epidemiology.- 5.2. Effects of ischemia in the brain and in the SVZ.- 5.3. Extracellular factors and neurogenesis after stroke.- 5.4. Stem cell-based therapies in ischemia.- 6. Therapeutic potential of neural stem cells.- 7. Concluding remarks.- 8. Aknowledgments.- 9. Bibliographic references.- Subject index
PRODUCT DETAILS
Publisher: Springer (Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K)
Publication date: April, 2009
Pages: 116
Weight: 231g
Availability: Available
Subcategories: Neuroscience
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