Main description:

In continuation of Somaclonal Variation and Crop Improvement I (1990), this volume is comprised of twenty-four chapters dealing with somaclonal variants showing resistance to salt drought, herbicides, viruses, Alternaria, Fusarium, Glomerella, Verticillium, Phytophthora, fall armyworm, etc. in a number of plants of economic importance. It is divided into two sections: Section I. Somaclonal Variation in Agricultural Crops: wheat, rice, maize, sorghum, potato, tomato, Lotus, Stylosanthes, banana, strawberry, citrus, colt cherry. Section II. Somaclonal Variation in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Atropa, Carthamus, Hypericum, Lavatera, Nicotiana, Primula, Rauwolfia, scilla, and Zinnia.

Contents:

Section I Somaclonal Variation in Agricultural Crops - Cereals, Potato, Fruits, Legumes.- 1.1 In Vitro Production of Fusarium-Resistant Wheat Plants.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Review of In Vitro Studies.- 3 Induced or Noninduced Somaclonal Variation for Fusarium Resistance?.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- 5 Protocol.- References.- 1.2 In Vitro Production of Male Sterile Rice Plants.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Sterile Mutants from Somaclones in Rice.- 3 A Male Sterile Line, 54257/162-5, from Somaclones.- 4 Origin of the Maintainer, Somaclone 162-5.- 5 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 1.3 Release of the Rice Variety Dama Developed by Haploid Somaclone Breeding.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Somaclonal Breeding.- 3 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 1.4 Somaclonal Variation for Fusarium Tolerance in Maize.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Brief Review of Fusarium Studies on Maize.- 3 Somaclonal Variation for Fusarium moniliforme Tolerance in Maize.- 4 Summary.- 5 Protocol.- References.- 1.5 In Vitro Production of Fall Army worm (Spodoptera frugiperda)-Resistant Maize and Sorghum Plants.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Establishment of In Vitro Systems.- 3 In Vitro Studies on Fall Armyworm Resistance.- 4 Release and Registration of In Vitro-Derived Resistant Plants of Maize and Sorghum.- 5 Summary.- References.- 1.6 Somaclonal Variation in Sorghum.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture Studies.- 3 Somaclonal Variation.- 4 Summary.- References.- 1.7 In Vitro Production of Late Blight (Phytophthora infestans)-Resistant Potato Plants.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Phytophthora infestans.- 3 Conventional Breeding for Foliar Late Blight Resistance.- 4 In Vitro Induction of Resistance to Late Blight.- 5 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 1.8 In Vitro Production of Verticillium dahliae-Resistant Potato Plants.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Brief Review of Verticillium Resistance Studies on Potato.- 3 In Vitro Production of Plants Resistant to Verticillium.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- 5 Protocol.- References.- 1.9 Somaclonal Variation for Salt Tolerance in Tomato and Potato.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Common Attributes of Tomato and Potato Plants.- 3 Regeneration Capability and Somaclonal Variation.- 4 The Phenomenon of Epigenetic Adaptation.- 5 Do the Mechanisms of Tolerance Operating in Cultured Cells Correlate with Those of the Whole Plant?.- 6 In Vitro Selection and Regeneration of Salt-Tolerant Plants.- 7 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 1.10 Somaclonal Variation in Lotus corniculatus L. (Birdsfoot Trefoil).- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture Studies.- 3 Somaclonal Variation.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- 5 Protocol.- References.- 1.11 Somaclonal Variation in Stylosanthes Species.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Tissue Culture and Regeneration Techniques.- 3 Somaclonal Variation.- 4 Attempts to Improve Disease Resistance Via In Vitro Selection.- 5 Summary and Conclusions.- 6 Protocol for Regeneration of Stylosanthes Callus Cultures.- References.- 1.12 Somaclonal Variation in Banana and Plantain (Musa Species).- 1 General Account.- 2 In Vitro Regeneration and Somaclonal Variation.- 3 Factors Affecting Somaclonal Variation.- 4 Detection of Somaclonal Variation.- 5 Somaclonal Variation and Banana Improvement.- 6 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 1.13 Somaclonal Variation for Resistance to Fusariumand Glomerella-Caused Diseases in Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa).- 1 Introduction.- 2 Brief Review of Somaclonal Studies on Strawberry.- 3 Somaclonal Variation for Disease Resistance.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 1.14 In Vitro Selection for Salt Tolerance in Citrus Rootstocks.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture in Citrus.- 3 Somaclonal Variation and In Vitro Selection.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- 5 Protocol.- References.- 1.15 In Vitro Selection for Salt/Drought Tolerance in Colt Cherry (Prunus avium x pseudocerasus).- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Studies for Salt Tolerance.- 3 Conclusions.- References.- Section II Somaclonal Variation in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants.- II. 1 In Vitro Induction of Herbicide Resistance in Atropa belladonna.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Somaclonal Variation and Genetic Engineering in Atropa.- 3 Herbicide Resistance.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- 5 Protocol.- References.- 11.2 In Vitro Induction of Resistance to Alternaria Leaf Blight Disease in Carthamus tinctorius L.(Safflower).- 1 Introduction.- 2 Tissue Culture Studies on Safflower.- 3 Introduction of Resistance to Alternaria carthami.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 11.3 Somaclonal Variation in Hypericum perforatum (St.John's Wort).- 1 General Account.- 2 In Vitro Culture Studies.- 3 Somaclonal Variation.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- 5 Protocol.- References.- 11.4 Somaclonal Variation in Lavatera Species.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture Studies.- 3 Somaclonal Variation.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 11.5 Tobacco Somaclones Resistant to Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Somaclone Regeneration and Testing for Resistance.- 3 Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Resistance in Tobacco Somaclones.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 11.6 Somaclonal Variation in Primula.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture Studies.- 3 Somaclonal Variation.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- 5 Protocol.- References.- 11.7 Somaclonal Variation in Rauwolfia.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture Studies.- 3 Somaclonal Variation.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- References.- 11.8 Somaclonal Variation in Scilla scilloides Complex.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture and Plant Regeneration.- 3 Somaclonal Variation.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- 5 Protocol.- References.- 11.9 Somaclonal Variation in Zinnia.- 1 Introduction.- 2 In Vitro Culture.- 3 Somaclonal Variation.- 4 Summary and Conclusions.- References.