Main description:

The Fifth Ir Gene Workshop was held at the Chase-Park Plaza Hotel, St. Louis, MO, August 28-31, 1982; 240 scientists participated in the Workshop. The man uscripts compiled in this book describe the state of the art concerning Ir genes. Although the notion of Ir Genes: Past, Present, and Future has not been ad dressed specifically by each author, the reader is certain to get this flavor from the contributions. In this Preface, we have tried to summarize some of the salient ob servations and discussions from the Workshop. The mUltiple genes of the I region have been defined traditionally by serolog ical analysis of intra-H-2 recombinant mice and the pattern of immune responses to certain antigens developed by these recombinant mice. The application of sev eral new techniques, such as gene cloning and DNA sequencing, production of T and B cell hybridomas, and development of cloned T cell lines has changed this tradition and introduced a new phase into the analysis of the I region, Ia antigens, and Ir genes.

Contents:

Genetic Organization of I-Region Genes.- Ia Genes, Gene Products, and Determinants.- Murine T Cell-Specific IA Antigens: Helper T Lymphocytes Express a Unique I-A-Encoded Molecule.- Definition of New Ia+ T Cell Subsets.- Antibody and T Cell Recognition of Select Ia Determinants Using the I-A Mutant B6.C-H-2bm12.- Induction of Autoreactive T Cells by Stimulation Across the I-J Subregion.- Enhancement of Murine T Cell I-J Expression by Limited Proteolysis.- Isolation and Analysis of Subpopulations of I-Ab Molecules with Monoclonal Antibodies.- Partial Characterization of 8 Anti-I-J and 3 Anti-Ia Monoclonal Reagents.- Interspecies Cross Reactivity of Monoclonal Anti-I-E Antibodies Specific for Polymorphic Ia Determinants.- Structural Characterization of I-Ab Subsets Using Monoclonal Antibodies.- Factor-Mediated Regulation of the Expression of the H-2 Linked Low Molecular Weight Proteins (LMP).- Quantitation of Ia Antigens on Normal and Leukemic Human Lymphocytes.- Use of Monoclonal Antibodies for Studies of Anti-Ia Receptor Idiotypes.- A Recombinatorial Event Separating the Immune Response Genes for LDH-B and MOPC-173: Implications for a New Model of I Region Gene Organization.- Expression of Ia Antigens and Ir Gene Function During Differentiation of Bone Marrow Derived Macrophage.- The IR-THY-1 Genes: Possible Mechanism of Their Effect.- Complementing Ir-Genes Located in the I-A Subregion and Between the S and D Regions are Required for the Response to TNP-Ficoll.- Chemistry of I-Region Gene Products and DNA Cloning of I-Region Gene Products.- Ia Oligosaccharide Structure and Its Relation to Differential Recognition of Ia.- Structures of the Oligosaccharides of I-Ak Antigen and Localization of Antigenic Sites to A?k and A?k Chains.- Biosynthesis and Genetics of Ia Antigens and Their Associated Invariant Chain.- Biochemical Characterization of the Murine Invariant Polypeptide and a 23,000 Dalton Iad Encoded Polypeptide.- Identification of an Invariant Chain ? of Murine Class II Antigens and Its Relationship to the Invariant Chain ?(Ii).- Molecular Heterogeneity of Ia Antigens: Novel Components and Complexes.- Partial Chemical Characterization of T Lymphocyte I-Region Associated Antigens.- Three Distinct Human Ia Molecules Isolated from a DR5 Homozygous Lymphoblastoid Cell Line.- The Human "Invariant" Chain: Structural Characterization.- Two-Dimensional Gel Analyses of HLA-DR and HLA-DS Molecules.- Partial Structural Characterization of Human SB Antigens.- Two Alpha Chains and Three Beta Chains of Human Ia Antigens.- Isolation and Characterization of I Region Genes from the Major Histocompatibility Complex.- Structure and Expression of the Murine Ia ? Chains.- Extensive Restriction Site Polymorphism Surrounding a Single Copy I-A? Gene.- Analysis of the Human Ia Antigens by Gene Cloning.- The Cloning and Structure of the Heavy Chain Gene of HLA-D(R).- Ir Gene Function: Cellular Site(s) and Mechanism(s) of Action.- Determinant Selection Vs. Clonal Deletion Models of Immune Response Gene Function.- Absence of Ir-Gene Control in T-Cell Responses Restricted by Allogeneic MHC Molecules.- Both Low and High Responder Myoglobin-Specific T Cells, Tolerant to F1, Help High but Not Low Responder B Cells.- Ir Gene Control as a Consequence of Holes in the Antigen Specific Repertoire of T Lymphocytes.- Ia Restriction Elements and Epitopes of Insulin Appear to be Recognized by Mouse T Cells as Functional Units.- Molecular Aspects of the Processing and Presentation of Avidin by Macrophages to T Lymphocytes.- The Effect of Antigen and Ia Molecule Interaction on Immune Response Gene Control.- T Cells with Differing Specificity Exist for a Single Determinant on Lysozyme.- Hierarchical Relationships Among Epitopes: Only Certain Potentially Utilizable Epitopes on Protein Antigens are Actually Presented in a Particular Haplotype.- Antigen-Specific Suppressor T Cells as One Mode of Expression of Immune Response Genes.- Assessment of the Role of T Lymphocytes and Antigen Presenting Cells in the GAT Nonresponsiveness of SJL and DBA/1 Mice.- Mechanism of H-2-Controlled Interaction Between LDHB-Specific Helper and Suppressor T Cells.- Dissociation of Cellular and Humoral Immune Responsiveness to GAT.- T Cell Function in Allotype Linked and H-2 Linked Immune Response to Insulin in Mice.- H-2 Linked Ir Gene Control of H-2 Unrestricted Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes.- Immune Response Gene Effects in Cytotoxic T Cell Responses as a Consequence of Self Tolerance.- Involvement of Syngeneic Ia in T Cell Responses to Class I Alloantigens.- Control of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses by Class-I and Class-II H-2 Molecules, Studied with H-2 Mutants.- Characterization of "Veto" Cells that Cause Nonresponsiveness to Minor Histocompatibility Antigens.- Interactive Control of Cytotoxic T Cell Responses to H-Y by H-2 and Non H-2 Ir Genes.- Graft-Versus-Host-Associated Immune Suppression Involves In Vivo Recognition of Allogeneic I-A Determinants.- Genetic Regulation of the Cytolytic T Lymphocyte Response to Influenza Viruses.- The Role of Ia Antigens in Restricted Cell Interactions.- Ir Genes, Adaptive Differentiation and Self-Recognition.- The Contributions of the Developmental and Priming Environments to the Expression of the T Cell Receptor Repertoire.- Ia Antigens as Restriction Molecules in Ir-Gene Controlled T-Cell Proliferation.- Functional Evidence for Two Antigen Presentation Sites for a Single I-A Molecule.- The Effect of Nominal Antigen and Ia Molecule Concentrations on the Magnitude of the Proliferative Response of T Cell Clones.- Differential Requirements of Ia+ Accessory Cells for T Cell Activation.- I-Region-Controlled Sugar Inhibition of T-B Collaboration.- I-A Antigens in Cell Collaboration: Studies Using the B6.C-H-2bm12 Mutant.- Cloned T Cell Lines Do Not Discriminate Between Self Ia Molecules on B Cells and Antigen Presenting Cells.- Do T Cells Recognize the Same IA Epitopes of Antigen Presenting Cells and on B Cells?.- Ir Gene Regulation of the T Cell Dependent Activation of Distinct B Cell Subpopulations.- Functions of Helper T Cell Hybridomas in B Cell Antibody Responses.- Genetic Restriction of Polyclonal Stimulation of B Cell Proliferation by Antigen-Specific T Cell Clones.- H-2 Class I and Class II Alloantigens as Triggering Stimuli of Suppressor T Cells.- Susceptibility of Allo-Ia Specific T Lymphocytes to Unresponsiveness in Neonatal Tolerance.- Induction of I-J Restriction on Suppressor Cells.- Activation of Suppressor Cells is Genetically Restricted by the I-J Subregion.- Immunogenetic Aspects of Cellular and Humoral Autoimmunity to Acetylcholine Receptor.- Lessons on Ir Genes Derived from T Cell Clones and T Cell Hybridomas.- Multiple Restriction Sites Per Ia Molecule Recognized by T Cell Clones.- Multiple Genes Control Human Immune Responses.- Analysis of the T Cell Recognition System Using (T,G)-A--L Specific Helper T Cell Lines.- Recognition of Self- or Allo-I-A Molecules by Cloned T Cells: An Analysis Using Monoclonal Anti-Ia Antibodies.- Identification of H-2 Restricted Suppressor T Cell Factors Specific for L-glutamic acid50-L-tyrosine50(GT) and L-glutamic acid60-L-alanine30-L-tyrosine10(GAT).- Comparative Analysis of a Monoclonal Antigen-Specific T Suppressor Factor Obtained from Supernatant, Membrane or Cytosol of a T-Cell Hybridoma.- Characterization of an Antigen-Specific Suppressor Factor Generated by Cell-Free Translation.- Functional Roles of Two Polypeptide Chains that Compose an Antigen-Specific Suppressor T Cell Factor.- The MHC Restriction of a Monoclonal Antigen-Specific I-J+ TsF2 Maps to a Location Outside the I-J Subregion.- Monoclonal Antibodies to Antigen Specific Factors-A New Tool for Their Analysis.- Epitope Organizations of I Region Products Associated with Antigen-Specific Augmenting and Suppressor T Cell Factors.- Where From Here?.- Ir-Genes: Quo Usque Tandem?.