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Research Methods and Statistics
An Introduction for the Health Sciences
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Main description:

Focusing on both quantitative and qualitative research strategies, this text offers a detailed introduction to the most important and widely used research methods in medical statistics. Suitable for researchers as well as advanced undergraduate and graduate students, it keeps mathematics to a minimum, includes numerous examples and exercises from the health sciences, and places rigorous attention on background material such as descriptive statistics and elementary probability. The book provides readers with the practical statistical skills needed to advance their own research careers.


Contents:

The Nature of Scientific Research
What Is Science?
The Principles of Hypothesis Testing
The Logic of Hypothesis Testing
What Constitutes an Explanation?
Appendix: The Work of Carl Hempel

Ethics in Health and Medical Research
Why Are Ethics Important?
Approaches to Ethics
Research on Humans and Animals
Principles of Ethics
Ethical Problems
Audit Research
Ethics and Health and Safety
Fraud
Appendix 1: The Milgram Experiment
Appendix 2: Authority and Obedience in a Hospital Setting
Appendix 3: Codes of Conduct

Descriptive Statistics
What Are Data?
Isssues with Data Handling
Graphs and Charts and Distributions
Univariate Display
Multivariate Display
Abusive Statistics
Appendix: Exploratory Data Analysis

Elementary Statistical Concepts
Probability
Averages
Big Sigma - Summation
Little Sigma - Standard Deviation
What Does It Mean to Be Normal?
Statistics and Computers

Practical Hypothesis Testing
The Hows and Whys of Hypothesis Testing
Independent Sample t-Tests
Paired Sample t-Tests
Type I Errors, Type II Errors and Power
Chi-Squared Tests
Other Nonparametric Tests
Normality Testing
Appendix: Case Study - Cancer Deaths

ANOVA
One-Way ANOVA
Post-Hoc Tests
Factorial Designs
Repeated Measures Designs
Further Issues: Assumptions, Transformations, Missing Data, Extensions

Survey and Questionnaire Design
Sampling and Surveys
Data Collection
Questionnaire Design
Good and Bad Questionnaires
Problem Areas
Appendix: The General Health Questionnaire

Sampling Schemes
Simple Random Sampling
Stratified Sampling
Cluster Sampling
Systematic Sampling
Appendix: The Random Response Model

Reliability and Validity
What Do These Words Mean?
Some Ways to Measure Reliability
Cronbach's Alpha
Types of Validity
Appendix: Case Study - Nutrition for Sport

Qualitative Research
Principles of Qualitative Research
Interviews, Focus Groups and Observation
Approaches to the Analysis of Qualitative Data
Thematic Analysis
Analysis of Social Interaction
Writing up Qualitative Research

Correlation and Simple Linear Regression
Relationships between Variables
Pearson's Coefficient
Alternatives to Pearson
Correlation and Causation
Simple Regression
Regression Line and Equation
Prediction

Multiple Regression
Obtaining the Model
Evaluating the Model
Improving the Model: Plots, Transformations, Qualitative Variables
Variable Selection
Appendix: Case Study - Cardiovascular Risk

Factor Analysis
Data Reduction
Principal Components Analysis and Factor Analysis
Appendix: Questionnaire Data - Creating or Testing Scales

Epidemiology and Demography
Principles of Population Health
Mortality and Morbidity
Incidence and Prevalence
Standardized Indicators and Risks
Disease Mapping

Clinical Trials
Evidence Based Medicine and the Cochrane Collaboration
RCTs as the Gold Standard
Other Designs
Case-Control Studies
Systematic Reviews

Research in Practice
Planning a Study
Different Forms of Reports
Lab Reports and Similar
The Dissertation Project
Publishing Your Work
Grant Applications

References


PRODUCT DETAILS

ISBN-13: 9781439873045
Publisher: Taylor & Francis (CRC Press Inc)
Publication date: January, 2021
Pages: 352
Weight: 652g
Availability: Not available (reason unspecified)
Subcategories: Epidemiology

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