Main description:

Biophysical Foundations of Human Movement, Third Edition, introduces readers to key concepts concerning the anatomical, mechanical, physiological, neural, and psychological bases of human movement. The text provides undergraduate students with a broad foundation for more detailed study of the subdisciplines of human movement and for cross-disciplinary studies. Readers will learn the multi-dimensional changes in movement and movement potential that occur throughout the life span as well as those changes that occur as adaptations to training, practice, and other lifestyle factors.

This third edition includes the latest research and improved presentation to address areas of growth and change in the fields of human movement. The following are important updates to this edition:

A new chapter on historical origins of human movement science provides students with an appreciation of the development of the field as well as its future directions.
Content regarding exercise physiology has been reorganized to provide more discrete coverage of key concepts in nutrition.
A new concluding section focuses on applications in the areas of prevention and management of chronic disease, prevention and management of injury, and performance enhancement in sport and the workplace, as well as the benefits of sport and exercise science to work, sport, and everyday living.
Ancillary materials support instructors in teaching across disciplines as they assist students in understanding the breadth of content in this comprehensive text.

Using a modular approach to teaching sport and exercise science, Biophysical Foundations of Human Movement, Third Edition, offers students a structured understanding of how the subdisciplines work independently and in tandem. Following a general introduction to the field of human movement studies, readers are introduced to basic concepts, life-span changes, and adaptations arising in response to training in each of the five major biophysical subdisciplines of human movement. Each subdiscipline is given a brief introduction, including the definition and historical development of the subdiscipline, the typical issues and problems it addresses, the levels of analysis it uses, and relevant professional training and organizations. Multi-disciplinary and cross-disciplinary approaches to human movement are also discussed along with contemporary applications. By studying the integration of knowledge from a number of the biophysical subdisciplines, students will be better prepared for advanced study and careers reliant on the integration of knowledge from various disciplines and perspectives.

The third edition offers tools for retaining the material, including learning objectives and summaries in each chapter, a glossary, and lists of web-based resources. Throughout the text, special "In Focus" features highlight key organizations, individuals, and studies from around the world that have contributed to the current understanding of human movement. These features help readers appreciate the evolution of the field so that they may better understand its direction. Students interested in further study will find specialized texts for each of the subdisciplines listed in the Further Reading and References section of each chapter along with updated lists of websites.

The third edition of Biophysical FFoundations of Human Movement offers a comprehensive introduction for students, scientists, and practitioners involved in the many professions grounded in or related to human movement, kinesiology, and sport and exercise science. By considering the effect of adaptations in each of the biophysical subdisciplines of human movement, Biophysical Foundations of Human Movement also illustrates the important role physical activity plays in the maintenance of health throughout the life span.

Contents:

Part I: Introduction to Human Movement Studies

Chapter 1. Human Movement Studies as a Discipline and a Profession

What is Human Movement Studies and Why is it Important?

Disciplines and Professions

Is Human Movement Studies a Discipline?

Structure of a Discipline of Human Movement Studies

What Should the Discipline of Human Movement Studies Be Called?

Professions Based on Human Movement Studies

Professional Organisations

Relationships Between the Discipline and the Professions

Summary

Further Reading and References

Chapter 2. Historical Origins of the Academic Study of Human Movement

Scholarly Writings on Human Movement From Ancient Civilisations (ca. 1000 BC-350 AD)

The Middle Ages as a Period of Suppression of the Study of Human Movement (ca. 350-1350 AD)

Scholarly Works on Human Movement From the Renaissance and Reformation Periods (ca. 1350-1650 AD)

Scholarly Works on Human Movement During the Period 1650-1885

Professionalization of Physical Education During the Period 1885-1929

Organisation of Research Efforts in Physical Education During the Period 1930-1959

Beginnings of a Discipline of Human Movement Studies During the Period 1960-1970

Emergence of Subdisciplines and Specialisations, 1970-Present

Future Directions, Challenges, and Opportunities

Summary

Further Reading

Part II: Anatomical Bases of Human Movement: Functional Anatomy

Chapter 3. Basic Concepts of the Musculoskeletal System

Tools for Measurement

Skeletal System

Articular System

Muscular System

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 4. Basic Concepts of Anthropometry

Definition of Anthropometry

Tools for Measurement

Body Size

Determination of Body Shape

Tissues Composing the Body

Somatotyping as a Description of Body Build

Human Variation

Summary

Further Reading and References

Chapter 5. Musculoskeletal Changes Across the Life Span

Definitions of Auxology and Gerontology

Tools for Measurement

Physical Growth, Maturation, and Ageing

Age-Related Changes in the Skeletal and Articular Systems

Age-Related Changes in the Muscular System

Changes in Body Dimensions Across the Life Span

Methods of Determining Age

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 6. Musculoskeletal Adaptations to Training

Effects of Physical Activity on Bone

Effects of Physical Activity on Joint Structure and Ranges of Motion

Effects of Physical Activity on Muscle-Tendon Units

Effects of Physical Activity on Body Size, Shape, and Composition

Summary

Further Reading and References

Part III: Mechanical Bases of Human Movement: Biomechanics

Chapter 7. Basic Concepts of Kinematics and Kinetics

Vectors

Motion

Generalized Coordinates and Degrees of Freedom

Force

Moment of Force

Force Analyses

Equations of Motion

Computer Modeling of Movement

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 8. Basic Concepts of Energetics

Kinetic Energy

Potential Energy

Total Mechanical Energy

Power

Elastic Strain Energy

Metabolic Energy Consumption

Efficiency of Movement

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 9. Biomechanics Across the Life Span

Biomechanics of Normal Gait

Changes in Muscle Strength with Age

Gait Development in Children

Gait Changes in Older Adults

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 10. Biomechanical Adaptations to Training

Muscular Adaptations to Training

Neuromuscular Adaptations to Training

Training to Prevent Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

Biomechanical Adaptations to Injury

Dependence of Motor Performance on Changes in Muscle Properties

Using Computer Modelling to Study Vertical Jumping Performance

Insights Into the Effects of Training Provided by Computer Models

Summary

Further Reading

Part IV: Physiological Bases of Human Movement: Exercise Physiology

Chapter 11. Basic Concepts of Exercise Metabolism

Production of Energy for Exercise

Oxygen Supply During Sustained Exercise

VO2max as an Indicator of Endurance-Exercise Capacity

Measurement of Exercise Capacity

Human Skeletal Muscle Cells

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 12. Basic Concepts of Nutrition and Exercise

Energy Requirements of Exercise

Nutrients for Exercise

Fluid Requirements During Exercise

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 13. Physiological Capacity Across the Life Span

Responses to Exercise in Children

Exercise in Older Adult Life

Summary

Further Reading and References

Chapter 14. Physiological Adaptations to Training

Training-Induced Metabolic Adaptations

Immediate and Anaerobic-System Changes After High-Intensity Sprint and Strength Training

Changes in Aerobic Metabolism After Endurance Training

Endurance Training-Induced Changes in the Cardiorespiratory System

Endurance Training-Induced Respiratory Changes

Endurance Training-Induced Changes in Lactate Threshold

Changes in the Muscular System After Strength Training

Basic Principles of Training

Continuous and Interval Training

Training for Cardiovascular Endurance

Methods of Strength Training

Causes of Muscle Soreness

Summary

Further Reading

Part V: Neural Bases of Human Movement: Motor Control

Chapter 15. Basic Concepts of Motor Control: Neuroscience Perspectives

Nervous System as an Elaborate Communications Network

Components of the Nervous System

Neurons and Synapses as the Building Blocks of the Nervous System

Sensory Receptor Systems for Movement

Effector Systems for Movement

Motor Control Functions of the Spinal Cord

Motor Control Functions of the Brain

Integrative Brain Mechanisms for Movement

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 16. Basic Concepts of Motor Control: Cognitive Science Perspectives

Using Models to Study Motor Control

Key Properties to be Explained by Models of Motor Control

Information-Processing Models of Motor Control

Some Alternative Models of Motor Control

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 17. Motor Control Changes Throughout the Life Span

Changes in Observable Motor Performance

Changes at the Neurophysiological Level

Changes in Information-Processing Capabilities

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 18. Motor Control Adaptations to Training

Changes in Observable Motor Performance

Changes at the Neurophysiological Level

Changes in Information-Processing Capabilities

Factors Affecting the Learning of Motor Skills

Summary

Further Reading

Part VI: Psychological Bases of Human Movement: Sport and Exercise Psychology

Chapter 19. Basic Concepts in Sport Psychology

Personality

Motivation in Sport

Self-Determination Theory

Arousal, Anxiety, and Sport Performance

The Practice of Applied Sport Psychology

Imagery: An Example of Psychological Skill

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 20. Basic Concepts in Exercise Psychology

Effects of Psychological Factors on Exercise

Effects of Exercise on Psychological Factors

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 21. Physical Activity and Psychological Factors Across the Life Span

Changes in Personality

Psychosocial Development Through Sport Participation

Exercise in the Aged

Termination of Athletic Careers

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 22. Psychological Adaptations to Training

Aerobic Fitness and the Response to Psychological Stress

Changes in Personality

Changes in Motivation: Staleness, Overtraining, and Burnout

Changes in Mental Skills

Summary

Further Reading

Part VII: Multi- and Cross-Disciplinary Applications to Human Movement Science

Chapter 23. Applications to Health in Chronic-Disease Prevention and Management

Major Causes of Disease and Death Globally

Cost of Physical Inactivity

Measuring Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior

Levels of Physical Activity in Adults and Children

Recommendations for Physical Activity

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 24. Applications to Health in Injury Prevention and Management

Preventing Manual-Lifting Injuries in the Workplace

Preventing and Managing Overuse Injuries in Sport

Preventing Injuries Related to Osteoporosis

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 25. Applications to Performance Enhancement in Sport and the Workplace

Talent Identification

Performance Optimization

Summary

Further Reading and References