Main description:

Succeed with topical reviews, practice exams, and preparation tools "The book offers a quick 'cram' approach to the NCLEX that is user friendly and not time intensive. The overall approach is learner-centered and the content is well paced." -Catherine Dearman, RN, PhD * Covers exactly what you need to know to score higher on your NCLEX-PN(R) exam. * Includes 400 sample test questions to help you determine whether you're ready to take the actual exam. * Our popular Cram Sheet tearcard helps you remember key concepts. * Exam Alerts provide important information found on the exam. * Simplifies pharmacology for easy learning. Written by Leading Nursing Experts! Wilda Rinehart has R.N., B.S.N., M.S.N., F.N.C., and F.P.N.P. degrees. Her experience includes staff nurse in surgery, labor and delivery; public-health nurse; and family-planning nurse practitioner. She also was an instructor of surgical and obstetrical nursing. Diann Sloan has R.N., B.S.N., M.S.N., F.N.C., as well as MS. Ed. and Ph.D. in Education degrees. She has worked as a staff nurse in surgical nursing, pediatrics, and neonatal intensive care and as a pediatric nurse clinician.
She has also been an instructor of pediatric and psychiatric nursing. Clara Hurd has M.S.N., R.N., and C.N.E. degrees. She has worked with Pearson as a consultant on item writing. She has 31 years of experience and has worked as a staff nurse in medical-surgical nursing and the surgical intensive care unit. Ms. Hurd has taught in associate and baccalaureate nursing programs. Score Higher on the NCLEX-PN(R) Exam! The CD features innovative Computer Adaptive Testing software, giving you an effective tool to assess your readiness for the NCLEX-PN(R) exam. Key features include: * Detailed explanations of correct and incorrect answers * Multiple test modes * Random questions and order of answers System Requirements: * Microsoft Windows XP, Microsoft Vista or Microsoft Windows 7 * Pentium class 1GHz processor (or equivalent) *256MB RAM *30MB Hard Drive Space Category: Test Preparation and Review Covers: Nursing NCLEX-PN(R) is a registered trademark of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing, Inc. (NCSBN), which does not sponsor or endorse this product.

Contents:

Introduction...xxiii Welcome to the NCLEX-PN(R) Exam Cram ...xxiii Taking the Computerized Adaptive Test ...xxiv The Cost of the Exam...xxiv How to Prepare for the Exam...xxv How to Use This Book ...xxv About the Book...xxvii Contact the Authors ...xxvii Self-Assessment...1 Testing Your Exam Readiness...2 CHAPTER 1 Preparing for the National Council Exam for Licensed Practical Nurses...3 Preparing for the Exam ...4 The Computer Adaptive Test ...4 Testing Strategies...5 Reading the Question Carefully ...6 Look for Keywords...6 Watch for Specific Details...6 Exam Prep Questions ...9 Answer Rationales...11 CHAPTER 2 Simplifying Pharmacology ...13 Pharmacology...14 Three Areas of Pharmacology ...14 How Nurses Work with Pharmacology...15 Time-Released Drugs...16 Administering Medications ...17 Understanding and Identifying the Various Drugs ...18 Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ...18 Beta Adrenergic Blockers ...19 Anti-Infectives (Aminoglycosides) ...20 Benzodiazepines (Anticonvulsants/Antianxiety) ...22 Phenothiazines (Antipsychotic/Antiemetic) ...24 Glucocorticoids...25 Antivirals ...26 Cholesterol-Lowering Agents...28 Angiotensin Receptor Blockers...29 Histamine 2 Antagonists ...30 Proton Pump Inhibitors ...31 Anticoagulants ...32 More Drug Identification Helpers ...33 Herbals ...34 Drug Schedules...35 Pregnancy Categories for Drugs...35 Exam Prep Questions ...36 Answer Rationales...38 CHAPTER 3 Caring for the Client with Disorders of the Respiratory System ...41 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ...42 Chronic Bronchitis ...42 Emphysema...42 Asthma ...43 Acute Respiratory Infections ...44 Pneumonia ...44 Pleurisy...45 Tuberculosis ...46 Influenza ...46 Emerging Infections ...47 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ...47 Legionnaire's Disease ...48 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...49 Pharmacology Categories for Review ...49 Exam Prep Questions ...50 Answer Rationales...52 Suggested Reading and Resources ...53 CHAPTER 4 Caring for the Client with Disorders of the Renal and Genitourinary System ...55 Acute Glomerulonephritis...56 Chronic Glomerulonephritis...57 End Stage Renal Disease ...58 Peritoneal Dialysis ...58 Hemodialysis...58 Renal Transplantations ...59 Nephrotic Syndrome ...59 Urinary Calculi ...60 Urinary Tract Infections...60 Genitourinary Disorders ...61 Prostatitis ...61 Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ...62 Bladder Cancer ...63 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...64 Pharmacology Categories for Review ...64 Exam Prep Questions ...65 Answer Rationales...67 Suggested Reading and Resources ...68 CHAPTER 5 Caring for the Client with Disorders of the Hematopoietic System...69 Anemia...70 Pernicious Anemia...70 Aplastic Anemia ...71 Sickle Cell Anemia ...72 Iron Deficiency Anemia ...73 Cooley's Anemia (Thalassemia Major) ...73 Hemophilia ...73 Polycythemia Vera ...74 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...75 Pharmacology for Review...75 Exam Prep Questions ...76 Answer Rationales...78 Suggested Reading and Resources ...79 CHAPTER 6 Caring for the Client with Disorders of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance and Acid/Base Balance ..81 Basic Knowledge of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance...82 Regulation of pH and Its Effect on Fluid and Electrolytes ...83 How the Body Regulates pH ...83 Metabolic Acidosis ...83 Causes of Metabolic Acidosis...83 Symptoms of Metabolic Acidosis...84 Care of the Client with Metabolic Acidosis ...84 Respiratory Acidosis...85 Causes of Respiratory Acidosis ...85 Symptoms of Respiratory Acidosis ...86 Caring for the Client with Respiratory Acidosis...86 Metabolic Alkalosis ...87 Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis ...87 Symptoms of Metabolic Alkalosis ...87 Caring for the Client with Metabolic Alkalosis ...88 Respiratory Alkalosis...88 Symptoms of Respiratory Alkalosis...88 Care of the Client with Respiratory Alkalosis...89 Normal Electrolyte Values ...89 Changes Associated with Aging ...90 Exam Prep Questions ...91 Answer Rationales...93 Suggested Reading and Resources ...94 CHAPTER 7 Caring for the Client with Burns ...95 Burn Classifications ...96 Burn Measurement with TBSA ...98 Nursing Care for Burn Victims...99 The Emergent Phase...100 The Intermediate Phase ...104 Dressings for Burns ...105 The Rehabilitative Phase...106 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...106 Pharmacology Categories for Review ...106 Exam Prep Questions ...108 Answer Rationales...110 Suggested Reading and Resources ...111 CHAPTER 8 Caring for the Client with Sensorineural Disorders...113 Disorders of the Eyes ...114 Intraocular Disorders ...114 Retinal Disorders...117 Refractive Errors ...119 Traumatic Injuries ...120 Visual Tests for Review...121 Pharmacology Categories for Review ...121 Ear Disorders ...121 Otitis Externa...122 Otitis Media ...122 Meniere's Disease ...122 Otosclerosis...123 Presbycusis ...123 Ear Trauma ...124 Assisting Clients with Hearing Loss ...124 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...124 Pharmacology Categories for Review ...125 Exam Prep Questions ...126 Answer Rationales...128 Suggested Reading and Resources ...129 CHAPTER 9 Caring for the Client with Cancer ...131 Cancer ...132 American Cancer Society's Seven Warning Signs of Cancer...132 The Four Major Categories of Cancer...132 Risk Factors for Specific Cancers ...133 Cancer Prevention...134 Patient Teaching ...135 Management of the Client with Cancer ...135 Radiation...136 Chemotherapy ...137 Bone Marrow Transplantation and Peripheral Stem Cell Transplantation (PSCT)...139 Types of Transplants...139 Nursing Care After Transplantation...140 Hodgkin's Lymphoma ...141 Diagnosis of Hodgkin's Lymphoma...141 Prognosis of Hodgkin's Lymphoma...142 Treatment of Hodgkin's Lymphoma...142 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...142 Pharmacology for Review...143 Exam Prep Questions ...145 Answer Rationales...147 Suggested Reading and Resources ...148 CHAPTER 10 Caring for the Client with Disorders of the Gastrointestinal System...151 Ulcers ...152 Types of Ulcers ...152 Treatment of Ulcers ...153 Inflammatory Bowel Disorders ...155 Crohn's Disease (Regional Enteritis) ...155 Ulcerative Colitis...156 Diverticulitis...157 Diagnosis of Diverticulitis...157 Treatment of Diverticulitis...157 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) ...158 Diseases Associated with the Liver ...159 Hepatitis...159 Cirrhosis...164 Pancreatitis...166 Cholecystitis/Cholelithiasis ...168 Symptoms of Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis ...168 Diagnosis of Cholecystitis/Cholethiasis ...169 Treatment of Cholecystitis ...169 Treatment of Cholecystitis ...169 Diagnosis of Cholecystitis/Cholethiasis ...170 Treatment of Cholethiasis ...170 Clostridium Difficile...171 Food-Borne Illnesses ...172 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...173 Pharmacology for Review...173 Exam Prep Questions ...175 Answer Rationales...177 Suggested Reading and Resources ...178 CHAPTER 11 Caring for the Client with Disorders of the Musculoskeletal System ...179 Fractures...180 Treating Fractures ...180 Compartment Syndrome...183 Osteomyelitis ...184 Osteoporosis...185 Treatment of Osteoporosis...186 Gout ...186 Treatment of the Client with Gout ...187 Rheumatoid Arthritis...188 Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis ...188 Musculoskeletal Surgical Procedures ...189 Fractured Hip and Hip Replacement ...189 Total Knee Replacement ...190 Amputations...191 Assistive Devices for Ambulation ...192 Crutches...193 Canes...193 Walkers ...194 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...194 Pharmacology for Review...195 Exam Prep Questions ...197 Answer Rationales...199 Suggested Reading and Resources ...200 CHAPTER 12 Caring for the Client with Disorders of the Endocrine System ...201 Pituitary Disorders...202 Tumors of the Pituitary ...202 Thyroid Disorders ...203 Hypothyroidism...203 Hyperthyroidism ...204 Parathyroid Disorders ...206 Hypoparathyroidism...206 Hyperparathyroidism ...207 Adrenal Gland Disorders...208 Adrenocortical Insufficiency (Addison's Disease) ...208 Adrenocortical Hypersecretion (Cushing's Syndrome)...209 Diabetes Mellitus ...209 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...212 Pharmacology Categories for Review ...213 Exam Prep Questions ...214 Answer Rationales...216 Suggested Reading and Resources ...217 CHAPTER 13 Caring for the Client with Disorders of the Cardiovascular System...219 Hypertension...220 Medications Used to Treat Hypertension ...221 Heart Block ...221 Toxicity to Medications ...223 Malfunction of the Conduction System ...223 Myocardial Infarction ...225 Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction ...226 Management of Myocardial Infarction Clients ...226 Buerger's Disease ...229 Thrombophlebitis...229 Raynaud's Syndrome...230 Aneurysms ...230 Congestive Heart Failure ...231 Diagnostic Tests for Review...232 Pharmacology Categories for Review ...232 Exam Prep Questions ...233 Answer Rationales...235 Suggested Reading and Resources ...236 CHAPTER 14 Caring for the Client with Disorders of the Neurological System ...237 Seizures...238 Types of Seizures ...238 Treatment of Seizure Clients ...240 Status Epilepticus...241 Brain Injuries...241 Epidural Hematomas...242 Subdural Hematoma...242 Treatment of Epidural and Subdural Hematomas ...242 Increased Intracranial Pressure ...243 Treatment of ICP ...245 Neurological Assessment...245 Cranial Nerve Assessment...246 Glasgow Coma Scale...247 Intracranial Pressure Monitors ...248 Care of the Client with Intracranial Surgery (Craniotomy) ...248 Cerebrovascular Accident/Stroke...249 Spinal Cord Injury ...250 Treatment of Spinal Cord Injuries...251 Potential Complications with SCI Clients ...252 Guillain-Barre ...253 Treating Clients with Guillian-Barre...253 Degenerative Neurological Disorders ...253 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...255 Pharmacology for Review...255 Exam Prep Questions ...257 Answer Rationales...259 Suggested Reading and Resources ...260 CHAPTER 15 Caring for the Client with Psychiatric Disorders ...261 Anxiety-Related Disorders ...262 Generalized Anxiety Disorder...262 Post-traumatic Stress Disorder ...263 Dissociative Identity Disorder ...263 Somatoform Disorder...264 Panic Disorder ...264 Phobic Disorders ...265 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ...265 Personality Disorders ...266 Cluster A ...266 Cluster B ...267 Cluster C...268 Managing Clients with Personality Disorders ...269 Psychotic Disorders ...270 Schizophrenia ...270 Bipolar Disorders...272 Substance Abuse...274 Alcoholism ...274 Other Commonly Abused Substances ...277 Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence...279 Conduct Disorder...279 Oppositional Defiant Disorder ...279 Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder...280 Autistic Disorder...280 Eating Disorders...281 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...281 Pharmacology Categories for Review ...282 Exam Prep Questions ...283 Answer Rationales...285 Suggested Reading and Resources ...286 CHAPTER 16 Caring for the Maternal/Infant Client...287 Signs of Pregnancy ...288 Presumptive Signs ...288 Probable Signs ...288 Positive Signs ...289 Prenatal Care ...289 Prenatal Diet and Weight Maintenance ...289 Alpha-Fetoprotein Screening...289 Other Prenatal Diagnostic Tests ...290 Assessing Fetal Heart Tones...291 Ultrasonography ...291 Signs of Complications of Pregnancy ...291 Types of Abortions...292 Complications Affecting Pregnancy...292 Diabetes in Pregnancy...293 Preeclampsia ...293 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ...294 Cord Prolapse ...295 Abruptio Placenta ...295 Placenta Previa...295 Maternal Infections...295 Preterm Labor ...299 Intrapartal Care...299 Stages of Labor...300 Phases of Labor ...300 Important Terms You Should Know...300 Prelabor Testing...302 Fetal Monitoring...303 Pharmacologic Management of Labor ...305 Postpartum Care...306 Terms Associated with the Normal Newborn ...306 Rh Incompatibility...307 Contraception ...308 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...310 Pharmacology Categories for Review ...310 Exam Prep Questions ...311 Answer Rationales...313 Suggested Reading and Resources ...314 CHAPTER 17 Caring for the Pediatric Client ...315 Growth and Development...316 Infant (28 Days to 1 Year) ...316 Toddler (1-3 Years)...318 Preschooler (3-5 Years) ...319 School Age (6-12 Years) ...320 Adolescence (12-18 Years)...321 Congenital Anomalies...321 Anomalies of the Gastrointestinal System...322 Anomalies of the Musculoskeltal System...326 Anomalies of the Cardiovascular System...328 Inborn Errors of Metabolism...331 Respiratory Disorders...332 Acute Otitis Media ...333 Tonsillitis...334 Laryngotracheobronchitis ...335 Acute Epiglottitis...335 Bronchiolitis...336 Cystic Fibrosis (Mucoviscidosis) ...337 Gastrointestinal Disorders...337 Gastroenteritis ...338 Pyloric Stenosis...338 Intussusception ...338 Celiac (Gluten-Induced Enteropathy, Celiac Sprue) ...339 Cardiovascular Disorders ...339 Rheumatic Fever...339 Kawasaki's Disease (Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome) ...340 Musculoskeletal Disorders...342 Scoliosis...342 Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease (Coxa Plana) ...343 Muscular Dystrophies...343 Childhood Cancer ...344 Wilms Tumor (Nephroblastoma) ...344 Leukemia...344 Osteogenic Sarcoma (Osteosarcoma) ...344 Ingestion of Hazardous Substances...345 Salicylate Overdose...345 Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Overdose ...345 Lead (Plumbism) ...345 Iron Poisoning ...346 Diagnostic Tests for Review ...346 Pharmacology Categories for Review ...347 Exam Prep Questions ...348 Answer Rationales...350 Suggested Reading and Resources ...351 Practice Exam 1 ...353 Answers to Practice Exam 1 ...397 Practice Exam 2 ...419 Answers to Practice Exam 2 ...461 APPENDIX A Things You Forgot ...483 APPENDIX B Need to Know More? ...491 APPENDIX C Alphabetical Listing of Nursing Boards in the United States and Protectorates ...499 Glossary ...515 TOC, 9780789741066